460 APPENDIX. No. V. 
of Cyperaceze, and in Lipocarpha itself, from which, however, they are still 
sufficiently different in their relation to the including squame and to the axis 
of the spike. 
This view of the structure of Hypzlytrum, of which there is one species in 
the Congo herbarium, appears to me in some degree confirmed by a comparison 
with that of Chondrachne and Chorizandra;* for im both of these genera the 
lower squame of the ultimate spikelet are not barren, but monandrous, the 
central or terminating flower only being hermaphrodite. 
GRAMINE#. Of this extensive family there are forty-five species from 
the Congo, or one twelfth of the Phaenogamous plants of the collection. This 
is very nearly the equinoctial proportion of the order as given by Baron 
Humboldt, namely, one to fifteen, with which that of India seems to agree, 
On the north coast of New Holland, the proportion is still greater than that 
of Congo. : 
The two principal tribes which form the far greater part of Graminez, 
namely, Poacea and Panicew have, as I have formerly stated,-+ very different 
relations to climate, the maximum both in the absolute and relative number of 
species of Panices being evidently within the tropics, that of Poaceae beyond 
them. 
I have hitherto found this superiority of Paniceze to Poacez, at or near the 
level of the sea within the tropics, so constant, that I am inclined to consult 
the relative numbers of these two tribes, in determining whether the greater 
part of any intratropical Flora belongs to level tracts, or to regions of such 
eleyation as would materially affect the proportions of the principal natural 
families: and in applying this test to Baron Humboldt’s collection, it is found 
to partake somewhat of an extratropical character, Poacex being rather more 
numerous than Paniceze. While in conformity to the usual equinoctial propor- 
tion, considerably more than half the Grasses in the Congo herbarium consist 
of Panicee. 
Among the Panicez of the collection, there are two unpublished genera. 
The first is intermediate, in character, to Andropogon and Saccharum, but 
with a habit very different from both. The second, which is common to other 
* Prodr. Flor. Nov. Holl. 1, p. 220. 
+ Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holl. 1, p. 169. Obs. lI, Flinders’s Voy. 2, p. 583. 
