183 
can be sought in the fact, that we have to do with the 
influence of ions. With a positive charge of the plasm- 
colloïds the anions of the salts will exercise most influence 
in this case, while with a negative charge the cations are 
most active. Às a rule, a symmetry of figures will be the 
result of such an action of anions and cations. 
Is the action of one ion much stronger than that of 
the other one, the figure may become oblique. 
For K;,SO, (fig. 2, page 51) a bivalent anion is placed 
opposite to a monovalent cation, Here the chief direction 
of the curve is vertical. With KCI (fig 4, page 56) and 
with KNO, (fig. 5, page 57) the chief direction of the 
line runs from above obliquely downwards to the left. 
Here a monovalent anion is placed opposite to a mono- 
valent cation. Definitions made for Ca(NO.), with a 
monovalent anion against a bivalent cation showed, that 
for the curve for Ca(NO:),, the direction would be yet 
much more oblique as for the curves for KCI and for 
KNO, and again in the same direction. The succession 
K,S0O,—KCI and KNO;—Ca(NO,} agrees with the opinion 
that the oblique direction of the lines is the result of the 
valence of the anions and cations present in the salt solution. 
In the colloïd-chemical literature Ï have not been able 
to find figures, which showed much likeness to the curves, 
which we discussed just now. The cause of this might be 
found perhaps in the fact, that, generally, the influence 
of salts by a different hydrion concentration on colloïds, 
has not often been examined systematically, while in those 
cases, where this really happened, the concentrations of 
the acid and of the base increased far stronger than in 
my experiments. 
The presence of the tops in our figures may be caused, 
by the fact that the plasmcolloïds, which we have made 
responsible for the conduct of Chlamydomonas with regard 
to acid, base and salt, are proteïns. 
