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of palisade cells, which cloth the septa of the canopy at 
the upperside. On the outersurface of this layer, there 
are little black spots, which are sometimes covered by a 
thin membrane; perhaps they may be considered as the 
remainder of small cells on the outside of the palisade 
layer, which have segregated mucilage. 
The rest of the integument is composed of layers of 
soft, often collapsed tissue, which has disappeared entirely 
in the centre of the nine canopy-loculi. 
The pedicel contains a single vascular strand, which 
before entering the chalaza, lets off a number of branches 
into the cupule, running upits whole length into the segments. 
The bundle in the pedicel is concentric, whereas the 
branches in the cupule are becoming collateral, with a 
normal orientation of xylem and phloem. 
After letting off the ring of vascular bundles into the 
cupule, the main bundle enters the chalaza and splits into 
nine separate branches, which run through the delicate 
tissue of the testa close to its surface and end in the 
loculi of the canopy. The chalaza itself is built up of a 
comparatively great mass of sclerotic tissue, its form being 
compared by Oliver (106) to a champagne glass. ,,The 
hollow in the sclerotic cushion has the form of a cham- 
pagne glass, and as the bowl expands the entering bundle 
separates into the peripheral vascular strands, which run 
in the plane of the glass” (p. 207). In this cushion stands 
the nucellus, forming the central part of the seed, but of 
which the cells are collapsed and shrivelled. This mass of 
cells contains perhaps the softer layers of the integument. 
The top of the nucellus, which is free from the 
integument forms the ,lagenostome”’. This has the shape 
of a bottle, which stands sharply marked off on the 
vaulting of the nucellus, its neck reaching the micropyle. 
The centre of the lagenostome is occupied bij a cone of 
soft tissue, which, however, is not coherent with its 
