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thick fleshy cupule, or second integument as it is called 
by some authors. 
This outer envelopment overtops the inner-one in a 
mature condition with two m.M. leaving a free cavity 
between them in the upper region, lower-down near their 
base both integument and cupule are concrescent, a well- 
defined cuticula marking the line of their fusion. The cells 
composing this outer coat are soft and parenchymatous, 
a great number of large resin-cavities lving between them. 
According to Oliver (100) nucellus and inner integument 
are completely free at first, but soon by an extensive inter- 
calary growth, beginning in the chalazal region, the free 
portion between them 
begins to vanish more 
and more, till in the 
mature condition it may 
represent only one- 
twentieth of the entire 
length of the seed. 
The innerintegument 
is differentiated into 
two distinct layers, an 
outer stony layer and 
an inner fleshy one. 
Às is the case in Ce- 
phalotaxus both layers 
become free from one 
another in the micro- 
pylar-region of the 
Fig. 8. Torreya nucifera; longitudinal seed, and are rather 
section through the ovule: cupule with clearly to be distin- 
mucilage cavities, stony layer dotted, inner : 
fleshy layer and nucellus, ,ruminating guished lowerdown al- 
nucellar tissue. so when the hardening 
of the sclerotesta has not yet taken place, for this 
layer is composed of small isodiametrical cells, sharply 
