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occurs. The ovule is bilateral symmetrical and shows no 
trace of a multiple origin of the integument, contrary to 
that of Macrozamia, Ceratozamia, Encephalartos à.0o. 
where distinct slips or lobes on the sclerotesta around the 
micropyle are to be seen, the number of which may be 
different variing from 7—16. The ribs on the stony coat 
correspond with the grooves between the lobes in the 
apical region, but they are not always very distinct and 
often secondary ribs occur between the principal ones as 
is the case in Trigonocarpus. They correspond with the 
vascular bundles running in close proximity to them in 
the sarcotesta. Though we may not attribute too much 
significance to the ribs and vascular bundles alone, they 
are of much value, when they correspond with lobes 
around the micropyle. 
Here the testa is undoubtedly composed of units and 
from the pteridospermous seeds, Lagenostoma represents 
the type to which the Cycadean seeds resemble most. À 
further comparison, however, is not to be made. 
In what connection Cycas stands to the other genera 
is difficult to say, and whether its ovule represents a 
reduced structure, the two vascular bundles in the sarco- 
testa being the remnants of an originally composed system, 
according to Miss Stopes (145), is not to be determined. 
Her comparison of the ovules of Cycas with Lagenostoma, 
from which she concludes that the integument of the 
Cycadean ovules should be of double origin is rather 
risky. In the first place Cycas does not exhibit the most 
characteristic type of Cycadean ovules, so that it should 
be better to take for example Macrozamia, which resembles 
Lagenostoma most. And secondly she bases her theory 
entirely on the probably accidental similarity of the vas- 
cular system in cupule and testa of Lagenostoma on one 
hand, and that in sarcotesta and endotesta of Cycas on 
the other. She concludes from this that the sarcotesta of 
