50 H. B. FANTHAM. 
The periplast swelled slightly but did not burst for a long time. 
This Spirocheete lived a little longer in tap-water, which was 
slightly alkaline. S. anodontee lived fora short time, up 
to one hour, in sea-water. In white of egg S. balbianii and 
S. anodonte died very quickly. 
Both organisms lived for a time in physiological salt solu-— 
tion (0°75 per cent. sodium chloride), though 8. balbianii 
did not seem “ happy ”’ therein. 
Plasmolysis. 
This really should come under the preceding heading, but 
is well considered separately. I agree with Swellengrebel 
that these organisms are implasmolysable. In 4 per cent. 
salt solution 8. balbianii lived for half an hour; at first its 
movements were active, but slowed down afterwards. S. 
anodonte also died in this strong solution. ‘The periplast, 
however, did not swell up, and there was no bursting so far 
as could be perceived by Zeiss DD and ocular 4. The 
organisms therefore appear implasmolysable. 
Oysters infected with Spirochetes have been kept for a 
fortnight in constantly changed sea-water, as previously 
mentioned. Specimens of Anodonta cygnea in which 
Spirochetes occurred were kept in running water for overa | 
month and were still infected, though apparently the infec- 
tion declined in intensity, while others kept in an aquarium 
for about two months were found to be still infected. 
Aérobic Reaction. 
These Spirocheetes did not appear to mass themselves 
especially round air-bubbles. 
Cultures. 
Many attempts were made at preparing artificial media 
for the Spirocheetes under discussion, but all failed to sustain 
the life of the organism for any length of time. 
