70 H. B. FANTHAM. 
is marked torsion of the body axis. The middle portion of the membrane is 
well seen, but no nuclear detail appears. Iron Hematox. x 1500. . 
Fic. 7.—Short form, but showing the membrane distinctly. No nuclear 
detail discernible. Such specimens in life, or after unsuccessful staining, may 
appear as if devoid of a membrane. But a membrane is really present in all 
such forms. Iron Hematox. x 1500. 
Fic. 8.—Similar form of parasite, with membrane close to the body. In 
this case the scalariform character and arrangement of the chromatin masses 
are clearly seen after staining with gentian-violet. x 1500. 
Fic. 9.—So-called ‘ flagellate” (‘‘ ciliate’) stage, from a preparation made 
at Roscoff, fixed quickly with absolute alcohol and stained with gentian- 
violet. The chromatin masses, arranged as rodlets, are clearly seen, while 
the “ flagella’ are myoneme fibrils from the frayed and ruptured membrane, 
as can be observed under exceptional conditions during the breaking of the 
membrane in life. x 2000. 
Fic, 10.—Specimen stained with Leishman’s stain, and apparently devoid 
of a membrane. However, with very careful focussing, under a magnification 
of 2000 diameters (as sketched), fine, faintly pink-staining myoneme fibrils 
are seen, resulting from the disintegration of the membrane. A so-called 
** flagellate’ form. 
Fic. 11.—A very interesting specimen, showing apparently an attempt at 
longitudinal division of the membrane and subsequent rupture of one of the 
portions of the divided membrane. A “basal granule” is present at either 
end, indistinctly divided into two. The helicoid character of the nuclear 
filament is well seen in parts. Myonemes of the unruptured portion of the 
membrane and so-called “flagella” in the ruptured parts occur together. 
Gentian-violet. x 2000. Myonemes are found in the periplast of the body 
at my. 
PLATE 2 (Lerr Hatr). 
Fic. 12.—Short specimen, with one end curled in a characteristic manner ; 
the membrane is closely applied to the body, except at one point near the 
middle. 
Fie. 13.—Early division stage. The membrane has already divided longi- 
tudinally. The nuclear helix exhibits a state of activity (as in division), 
showing its spiral character in parts, while near the ‘‘ lower” end the rod-like 
chromatin masses have already become dumb-bell shaped. Basal granules not 
clearly stained. Interlacing appearance of the myonemes of the two mem- 
branes seen in the middle of the specimen. Gentian-violet. x 2000. 
Fic. 14.—Specimen in early stages of longitudinal fission, as in the last 
figure, but the stage is very slightly later as judged by the nuclear figure. 
The chromatin masses have become dumb-bell shaped and divided at the left 
