50 



it projects from the opening so that the adult can escape without touching 

 the wood. Sometimes the tunnels extend into the main mass of the stem. 



The injury is first noticed by the leaves of the affected canes wilting 

 and turning brown during May. Such canes should be at once cut out and 

 burned to destroy the contained larvae. 



The American Currant Borer (Psenocerus supernotatus Say) a 

 brownish-black beetle, about one-quarter inch long with white spots on the 

 wing covers, at times breeds in currant canes. We collect it at Ste. Anne's 

 from Virginia Creeper and Climbing Bittersweet, but it has so far left our 

 currants. When it occurs the affected canes should be destroyed. 



It is true in the case of these borers, as with many other insect pests, 

 that nothing can be done to save the part attacked ; the injury is effected 

 before it is noticed. Destroying the insects, however, will prevent much of 

 the damage that would otherwise result the next season. 



The Currant Aphis (Mysus rib is L.), has been abundant in this neigh- 

 borhood on untreated bushes. The more or less reddish, blister-like dis- 

 tortions of the leaves, caused by the feeding of the yellowish plant-lice or 

 aphids, are common ever.ywhere on currants. The productive power of the 

 plants must be considerably checked when the insects are numerous. The 

 best application is fish oil soap sprayed as soon as the trouble is noticed, 

 before the leaves have curled badly. Curled leaves should be picked and 

 dropped in coal oil to destroy the insects. Kerosene emulsion, tobacco 

 decoction and soap solution are usually effective. An angled nozzle should 

 be used and the under surface of the leaves thoroughly Avet. 



The Currant Span-worm (Cymatophora ribearia Fitch.) The yellowish 

 moths of this species were very abundant about our currants and goose- 

 berries in July. The eggs are laid during this month and later on the 

 twigs, where they remain during the winter to hatch in the spring. The 

 whitish yellow-striped looping caterpillars feed voraciously upon the leaves 

 during June. They are more difficult to kill than the common Currant 

 Worm and affected bushes should be sprayed with Paris green or lead 

 arsenate, or the former may be applied dry while the leaves are wet with 

 dew. Pyrethrum powder dusted with a powder gun is effective. 



The Imported Currant Worm (Pteronus ribesii Scop.), always with us, 

 is easily controlled with hellebore applied dry or as a spray. On large 

 plantations, however, Paris green and lead arsenate are always used until 

 the fruits are partly grown, after which hellebore is used if needed. 



The Gooseberry Fruit Worm (Zophodia grossulariae Kiley), destroyed 

 a few berries. The small caterpillars feed Avithin the berries, several of 



