51 



which they sometimes tie together with silk. They pupate beneath the sur- 

 face of the ground in silken cocoons. The moths appear in spring. The 

 only method of control is to gather and destroy the infested berries. 

 Poultry, if allowed in the patch late in the season, would doubtless destroy 

 many of the cocoons. 



Mites, or Red Spider (species of Tetranychus.) — Myriads of tiny eight- 

 legged mites are often found on the under sides of the leaves of raspberry 

 and other small-fruit bushes. The mites spin a delicate web and cause a 

 distortion of the leaf, both of which help to protect them from any spray. 

 They breed with great rapidity in dry seasons and spread rapidly over the 

 leaves, which if badly infested, curl, discolor, and finally drop. If it is found 

 necessary to treat them in summer, kerosene emulsion carefully mixed, or 

 fish oil soap sprayed thoroughly, will hold them in check. The under sides 

 of the leaves should be well soaked. A thorough spraying with water is 

 beneficial. Early in the season before the buds start the bushes and the 

 ground at the base may be sprayed with strong lime-sulphur wash to destroy 

 the hibernating form. 



The Raspberry Cane Borer (Oberea bimaculata Oliv.), is always 

 abundant, though its numbers may usually be much reduced by carefully 

 destroying the wilting tips. The adult, a slender beetle with black wing 

 covers and a yellow thorax, cuts two rows of holes about the twig shortly 

 below the tip. Between these rows she inserts a longish yellow-white 

 egg. The resulting grub bores between and above the rows of 

 slits in the then wilted tip for a time, and later eats its way down the cane. 

 The grubs remain in the canes during the winter and mature in the follow- 

 ing spring. The wilted tips should be cut off and burned as soon as noticed. 

 Late in the season the borers will be well down the stem and the whole 

 cane should be removed. We have recently bred this or an undescribed 

 species from apple twigs sent from Cambridge, N.B. 



The other Raspberry insects were not noticed here in 1909. 



Insects of Garden and Field Crops: 



The Cucumber Beetle (Diabrotica vitatta Fab.) was very numerous 

 last season. It prefers squash to other plants, and can be kept away from 

 cucumbers and melons by having a few squash plants nearby to act as 

 traps. The main crop should be kept covered with poisoned Bordeaux 

 mixture, and the trap plants may be sprayed with kerosene emulsion or 

 fish-oil soap, as often as they become covered with the beetles. Bordeaux 

 mixture is distasteful to these beetles and is perhaps the best mixture for 



