63 



Fall migration and hibernation. By the month of September, the young 

 scales which have then turned brown in colour move to the undersides of the 

 branches of the tree where they feed during two months, and are found sometimes 

 numerous enough to form two or three layers of scales on the bark. They also 

 crawl by thousands into any sheltering crevices on large or small limbs or even on 

 the trunk of the tree. They spend the winter there without feeding. There is 

 only one brood in the year. 



How to combat the scale. I find that Slingerland, Fletcher and Jones agree 

 upon the following treatment to get rid of the plum scale. The remedy to apply 

 is nothing but kerosene emulsion prepared for use in the usual well known quantities, 

 one-half pound of common home-made soap, one gallon of soft boiling water and 

 two gallons of kerosene. Apply it, the first time, diluted in four parts of soft 

 water to one of the emulsion, about a fortnight before buds open, and a second 

 time ten days after the first, before buds open. Make a third application with 

 the emulsion diluted in eight parts of water to one of emulsion, when the young 

 scales are moving from their mother, by the beginning of July. Then a fourth 

 application is made ^^th the same emulsion diluted in four parts of water to one 

 of emulsion after November 1st. 



A thing to be borne in mind is that the trees must be thoroughly drenched by 

 the spraying, every time it is resorted to. 



I owe many thanks to Messrs. L. 0. Howard, Entomologist, United States 

 Department of Agriculture, Washington, and W. H. Jordan, Director, New York 

 State Experiment Station, Geneva, for much information received from them 

 about the Lecanium cerasifex. 



