42 — 



causing considerable loss. The beet did not suffer very much but some varieties 

 of mangels were severely attacked. The Hemipteron, Coriscus ferus, was ob- 

 served to be abundant on the affected leaves of the mangel. I did not observe it 

 feeding on the maggot in the field but specimens brought to the laboratory fed 

 greedily on maggots put in the same cage. A number of the miners were found 

 dead within the tissues of the leaves, dried and flattened. This was probably the 

 work of the predaceous bug. I also bred from the pupae of P. Vicina a small 

 Braconid parasite and have observed parasitic 'larvae (probably of this Braconid) 

 within the maggot. 







Hig. 2. — ^otitia rnpa- : a. fuiua c- Imiietfiy; h, above, 

 egg as seen fioui above ; below, egg as seen from 

 side ; c larva in natural position on cabbage leaf 

 (/, suspended chrysalis — a. /-, d, slightly enlarged ; 

 /!i, more enlarged. (From Chittenden.) 



Later in the season another miner similar in habits and appearance to P. 

 vicina was found along with this in the mangels. 



The Cabbage Aphis was present in force but its enemies, the lady birds, were 

 exceptionally numerous and effectively kept it in check. 



The i2-spotted Asparagus-Beetle (Crioceris i2-punctata) was abundant 

 but no specimens of C. asparagi were observed. 



The Forest and Orchard Tent-Caterpillars (Malacosoma disstria and M. 

 Americana), were the most abundant and destructive insects of the season. All 

 unsprayed orchards in this vicinity were completely defoliated and many shade 

 trees as well as acres of woodland were entirely stripped of their leaves. For- 

 tunately the parasites of these insects were more abundant than in the preceding 

 year. Large numbers, especially of the Orchard Tent-caterpillars were destroyed 

 in the larval .stage by a 'bacteria'l disease, and of the pupae I collected at the 

 end of June about 45 per cent were parasitized by insect parasites. Of these 

 parasites the most abundant was the maggot of a Tachinid fly. Some ichneumo- 

 nids were also collected. 



