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are ven- effective against the larvae of the bee-moths. No fire should be allowed 

 where it is going to be used or serious consequences may result. 



Hoiv to fumigate zvith Sulphur. 



A pan fuill of wood ashes is placed in a little tin vessel into an empty super 

 on the ground. The sulphur is then put on the ashes, and the hives containing the 

 empty combs are placed in a stack over this empty super. Afterwards the cover 

 is placed on this stack of hives. I'he whole thing is left alone for about 15 min- 

 utes during which time the fumes of the sulphur will penetrate everywhere, and 

 kill all the living larvae of the bee-moths. A very small percentage of the eggs 

 will be rendered useless. 



Hozv to fumigate zvith Carbon Bisulphide. 



The fumes of the bisulphide, being heavier than air, penetrate through every 

 possible opening and destroy every living thing. It is far ahead of the old fash- 

 ioned sulphur for combs infested with the larvae of the bee-moth, because it is 

 handier, quicker, and surer. The work of preparing the hives does not endanger 

 the bee-keeper's life, as it is easily and rapidly done. Care must always be exer- 

 cised in the use of bisulphide of carbon, as it is highly inflammable and should 

 therefore be kept away from any fire. The inveterate smokers among bee-keepers 

 should put his pipe or cigar, or cigarettes far away, at least 50 yards from where 

 he is going to use this fumigator. 



The hives containing the empty combs in whichit is feared there are a few 

 larvae of the bee-moth are piled in a stack, or as it is convenient, and all cracks 

 between the supers or hive bodies made as nearly gas proof as possible. A tight 

 cover should already have been placed at the bottom of this stack. The empty super 

 is then placed on top of the stack of hives, and the vessel containing the bisulphide 

 is placed inside. The next thing to do is to place a tight fitting cover over the 

 super on top of the stack. 



Here is another way of operating out-doors: 



At first a small trench is dug in the ground, into which is placed a large 

 newspaper, and then the stack of hives is piled on this. In the top hive-body is 

 placed a saucer containing some carbon bisulphide and then this is covered with a 

 newspaper. Then over the whole stack is thrown a heavy-cloth, and the water 

 poured over it until it is thoroughly wet, and lastly covered with a large wagon 

 cover or sheet, and left for some time. Carbon bisulphide is obtainable from 

 practically every druggist. 



A BACTERIAL SOFT ROT OF TURNIPS 



F. C. Ti.ARRISON AND W. SaDI^ER. 



Bacteriological Laboratory, Macdonald College, P. Q. 



Occurring more or less frequently according to season and varying in de- 

 structiveness with the meteorological conditions, the so-called "Soft-Rot" of such 

 vegetables as turnips, carrots, cauliflowers and cabbages is the cause of serious- 



