1864. | Botanists Guides. 567 
contains. But while we readily share the modest hope which Dr. 
Apjohn expresses, that his manual will materially assist his chemical 
pupils in the University of Dublin, we must express our opinion that 
a text-book of chemistry, such as we would desire to see in the hands 
of every beginner, has yet to be written. 
BOTANIST’S GUIDES.* 
Dr. Dickie having been for some years resident in Belfast as Professor 
of Botany and Natural History in Queen’s College, has examined the 
Flora of the northern part of Ireland, and the result is given in the 
first-named publication now before us. 
Like all the works of the same author, it displays accurate observation 
combined with a thorough knowledge of species. The district em- 
braced in the ‘ Flora’ lies to the north of the fifty-fourth parallel of 
latitude, and extends due west from Dundalk. It includes the whole of 
Ulster (except the most southern portions of Monaghan and Cavan), 
and the northern portions of Leitrim, Sligo, and Mayo, belonging to 
Connaught. As to the general geological features of the district, it is 
stated that Silurian formations occur in the South-east, Metamorphic 
and Granitic rocks in the North and North-west, Carboniferous Lime- 
stone in the South-west, and Devonian rocks in part of the interior. 
In the East there is an extensive mass of basalt and chalk; greensand 
and oolite are here and there exposed. The extreme highest points 
are ;—in county Down, Sleeve Donard, 2,796 feet ; in Donegal, Muckish 
and Engal, respectively, 2,190 and 2,400 feet; in Mayo, Nephin, 
2,646 feet. Surrounded as Ireland is by the Atlantic, and its northern 
parts so indented that arms of the ocean extend considerably inland, 
as might be inferred, the climate of even the most northern parts is 
comparatively mild and moist. The extreme ranges of temperature 
are moderate when contrasted with those recorded in different parts of 
Great Britain. ‘The character of the ‘Flora’ indicates this. In 
marine plants the occurrence of many southern species in the sea of 
the North of Ireland points out the influence of the Gulf Stream in a 
marked manner. 
Taking Mr. W. C. Watson's divisions, Dr. Dickie gives the fol- 
lowing statements as to the Ulster Flora :— 
1. Brrrist.—The number of plants belonging to this division, as 
given in the Guide, are—Dicotyledons, 347; Monocotyledons, 136. 
Several of these are not. so abundant as usual, such as Draba verna, 
Cardamine amara, Arabis hirsuta, Adoxa Moschatellina, Origanum 
vulgare, Myosotis collina, Mercurialis perennis, Milium effusum, Carex 
Fulva. 
2. Enextiso.—The total number of this type in the British Flora 
is about 396; of these there are, in this district, 141 Dicotyledons and 
36 Monocotyledons, giving a total of 177. 
* «A Flora of Ulster, and Botanist’s Guide to the North of Ireland.’ By G. 
Dickie, A.M., M.D., F.L.S., Professor of Botany in the University of Aberdeen. 
Belfast : C. Aitchison; London : Lovell Reeve. 18mo, pp. 176. 
