1864. | Botanist’s Guides. 569 
parts of Britain, become scarce here, and may be reckoned among 
our rare species; such as Ranunculus auricomus, Arabis hirsuta, 
Arenaria trinervis, Bidens cernua, Lycopus Europeus, Listera ovata, 
Malaxis paludosa, Alisma ranunculoides, &e. 
2. Enatisu.—Of this type comparatively few reach Aberdeenshire, 
and some of them, though now extensively spread, very probably may 
have been introduced along with seeds of agricultural plants. 
3, ScorrisH.—Plants of this division are well represented in this 
part of Scotland, being 58 in number, and, therefore, about 2 of the 
British species, so designated, occur here. Most of them are abun- 
dant, and several are species highly prized by Southern collectors. A 
few examples may be mentioned :—Rubus saxatilis, Trientalis Europa, 
Linnea borealis, Pyrola media, Pyrola minor, Goodyera repens, and 
Listera cordata. Three of these, Linnexa, Trientalis, and Goodyera, 
may be specially noted as very widely distributed and abundant here. 
4, Germanio.—There are only 8 examples of this type on our list, 
and they are mostly rare or local plants; the total number of such in 
the British Flora being estimated at more than 190. 
5. Artantic.—Sedum anglicum and Scilla verna are the only 
representatives ; the latter confined to the North-western part of the 
coast, on the borders of the Moray Firth. 
6. Hieunanp.—The plants belonging to this division are esti- 
mated at about 100 species in the whole British Flora; of these 
;*, are found in the list. Many of these are very local, and 
entirely confined to the higher districts. A few of these reach 
the coast, and are found almost at the sea-level, viz. Sedum Rho- 
diola, Saxifraga oppositifolia, 8. hypnoides, and Polygonum vivi- 
parum. Some others appear at a lower altitude along the course 
of the Dee and Deveron. Such have, probably, been transported 
by floods, wz. Oxyria reniformis, Epilobium alpinum, and Alche- 
milla alpina. Among the more interesting of this type found in 
the interior, and usually very local, may be mentioned Astragalus 
alpinus, Mulgedium alpinum, Arbutus alpina, and various species of 
Saxifraga, Hieracium, Salix, Juncus, Carex, and Poa. 
As regards altitudinal distribution, the following remarks are 
made :—The upper limit of Pteris aquilina is considered as marking 
the upper limit of the Super-agrarian Zone, and therefore also that 
of cultivation in Britain. The limit of this fern varies here from 
1,600 to 1,900 feet: very rarely, however, does it attain the latter. 
In several localities, on the bare stony sides of the hills, the limit is 
found to be 1,600 to 1,700 feet. At various places, even more than 
forty miles from the sea, cultivation at high altitudes is frequent. In ~ 
some of the inland or higher parts of the Super-agrarian Zone, several 
plants of the Highland type constitute a permanent feature of the 
vegetation, such as Cerastium alpinum, Aspleniim viride, Polygonim 
Viviparum, and Arabis petra. 
The Zones of Watson’s Arctic region are well represented in 
Aberdeenshire. The Mid-Arctic Zone is peculiarly rich in rare forms 
of the Highland type, such as Astragalus alpinis, Carex rupestris, 
C. leporina, C. Vahlii, Erigeron alpiniis, &e. At the extreme part of 
