1864. | Trimen on the Butterflies of Madagascar. 649 
All these families are represented in Africa. The four families which, 
it appears, are not represented in Madagascar are also wanting on the 
African continent, and are these, viz.:—The Ageronide, Heliconide, and 
Brassolide, which are confined to the New World ; and the Morphide, 
which, though chiefly American, are represented in Asia by several 
species. 
It will, perhaps, more clearly exhibit the close connection between 
the continental and insular Rhopalocera if, at the risk of wearying the 
reader with details, the genera and species of each Madagascarian 
family are briefly considered in regular order. 
The Parritonma, a family which, though poor in generic forms, is 
numerous in species and of world-wide distribution, are represented by 
six species of the genus Papilio, if we include the doubtfully distinct 
P. Epiphorbas, which Boisduval himself considers “ pourroit bien 
n’étre qu'une modification locale” of the Mauritian P. Phorbanta, Linn.,* 
and if P. Nireus, Linn., be truly a native. The last-named species, 
P. Merope, Cram., and P. Demoleus, Linn., range over the greater part 
of Africa, extending to Sierra Leone ; Lalandei, Godt., inhabits South 
Africa; and the splendid Antenor, Drury, taken by Mr. HE. L. Layard, 
on the north-west coast of Madagascar, is recorded by both Boisduvalt 
and Westwood} as a native of tropical Africa, a specimen in the 
Hopeian Collection having been received from Timbuctoo. 
The Prerip# include the four genera Pontia, Pieris, Anthocharis, 
and Terias, comprising in all nine species: Pontia syvicola, Bd. 
(= Narica, Fab. = Alcesta, Cram.), ranges to Senegal. Of the genus 
Pieris, one species, Helcida, Bd.,—if not a variety of the African 
Chloris, Fab.,—is endemic; Phileris, Bd., is found in Southern and 
Eastern Africa ; Orbona and Malatha, Bd. (= Saba, Fab.), in Eastern 
and Western Africa; while the abundant Mesentina extends from 
Damara Land to Bengal. Anthocharis Evanthe, Bd., is among the 
species taken in Madagascar by Mr. Layard; and a specimen in the 
British Museum purports to be from “South Africa,” but this habitat 
seems doubtful. The three species of Terias are all African; but 
while Floricola, Bd. (= Hecabe, Linn.), ranges to Java and Northern 
India, and Pulchella, Bd. (= Rahel, Fab.), is found at Sierra Leone, 
Desjardinsii, Bd., does not appear to spread farther than the Eastern 
and Southern coasts of Africa. 
But one of the recorded three genera and four species of the family 
Danaipm is found in Africa, and that one, Danais Chrysippus, Linn., 
is everywhere abundant, and is also common in Southern Asia. Hestia 
Lyncea, Drury, inhabits the Eastern Archipelago ; but Euplaa Phedone 
and Huphone, Fab., appear to be limited in range to Madagascar and 
Mauritius. 
The slow-flying, inert, but abundant butterflies forming the family 
Acra@ip# are pre-eminently African, though a few representatives of 
*<*Faune Ent. de Mad., &c.,’ p. 18. Epiphorbas and Phorbanta are almost 
certainly but insular varieties of the widely-ranging and abundant P. Nireus, 
which Boisduval (op. cit., p. 16) considers a doubtful native of Madagascar. 
t ‘Species Général des Lep.,’ p. 190. 
t ‘Arcana Entomologiea,’ vol. i, p. 146. 
