652 Original Articles. [Oct., 
TABULAR Vimw OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE BUTTERFLIES 
OF MADAGASCAR. 
NUMBER OF SPECIES WHOSE RANGE EXTENDS TO 
: e b |e ba | hee 
aa 8 & a 22 |2¢ Sai) tae 
FAMILIES. | 25 | . |@ See) Sala SiH] € |oaS 
Se | i . = aie) I ele jaad) = 5A 
eA! a |e i Ya (t= (= Fe peels eS: 
a 2 Hs = Sac S mes re] a3, & laaz 
2 So Sore SE Ge MGT GE iSeea\ g jo4" 
= || Se eee ee es es ers a5| 3 (7 
< = 4 <q 4 < < ro) 
Papilionide .} 1 5 | — —{—f}—j— — | | 6 
Pieridee 2 5 {— |] —{— 1 a) —j{— 9 
Danaides —|— 2 1) =) = | 1 — jj, 4 
Acreide . 6 4y)—)o yr y-]—f]— — | 10 
Nymphalide.| 7 5 2|— = 1 | — 1 Wy Rey 
Satyridz . 2);— }]— }|— 1G ieee eae — |— + 
Eurytelidx — 1}/—/]-- | — 1);— | =— — |— 2 
Libytheidx L£y}—j;o—y—}yroyry-— ft — |— 1 
Erycinidz 0 a — |— 1 
Lycenide . + 1 —{|/—}— }] — 3 — |— 8 
Hesperidee 4 6 1;/—{]/—s}—-}]—]—- — |— {ll 
i 28 | 27 5 1 1 2 2 4 
decidedly African affinities; 4 (Neptis Kikideli and Frobenia, Libythea 
fulgurata, and ————? Tintinga) seem more nearly allied to Asiatic 
forms ; while 7 exhibit no marked indications of connection with either 
Asiatic or African types, but may be considered as being equally 
related to both faunas.* The respective numbers of species inhabiting 
other parts of the world are, relatively to the total number of Mada- 
gascarian natives and to each other, quite what we should expect to 
find on the assumption that Madagascar was originally part of the great 
continent to which it is now adjacent. Thus while, as above shown, 
no less than 39 inhabit Africa, the Mascarene Islands contain 15, Asia 
12, Europe 5, Australia 2, and America 2. 
Before concluding, it is necessary to take into consideration the 
Rhopalocera inhabiting Bourbon and Mauritius, amounting in all to 
but 23 species. As these islands are of small size, and have been well 
explored, we may assume with Boisduval that few butterflies remain in 
either undiscovered. The 23 species are thus distributed among the 
* The most remarkable examples of this double relation are the two Euple», 
EF. Euphone and Phxdone, which, common at Mauritius and also found in Mada- 
gascar, combine the structure and aspect of the African Eupleoid species of 
Danis with those of the true Huplee of Asia. An examination of these insects 
has led me to regard as highly probable the view suggested to me by Mr. Bates, 
that the Mascarene Islands may be remnants of the region where Danazs and 
EHuplxa first became differentiated; Hwplexa since attaining its large development 
in tropical Asia. It is singular that Huplea Gondotii, Bd., which inhabits both 
Natal and the Island of Bourbon, and seems the nearest of all the African Danaidx 
to the Asiatic Huplex, has not been taken either in Madagascar or Mauritius, 
