INSECT ENEMIES. 109 
But the tent caterpillar of spring only preys on a few 
kinds of trees, while the later sort are ready to work over 
a very wide range. ‘They are much smaller, and eat 
very much longer. The fall web-worm is a caterpillar 
of the family of Arctians or Tiger moths. The name 
Ilyphantria means a weaver, and is very appropriate and 
descriptive ; for the first thing they do when hatched is 
to spin a web on the leaf where they are hatched, under 
which they eat the pulp of the leaf. Their webs are so 
closely woven as to hold their excrements as a fine powder. 
The moth is white, with tawny yellow fore-tnighs and 
dark-colored feet. The antenne of the males are doubly 
feathered beneath, and those of the female have two rows 
of teeth on the under side. The expanded wings meas- 
Fig. 91.—Larva. Fig. 92.—Chrysalis. Fig. 98.— Winged Insect. 
FALL WEB-WORM, 
ure about an inch and a quarter across. In repose they 
are not crossed on the back, but are roofed or sloped 
down on each side of the body. It only flies at night, 
when it lays its eggs on leaves near the end of the twigs, 
during June and July. In the North there is but one 
brood a year, but in the South there is often a brood in 
June and another in August. These caterpillars feed on 
the quince, apple, pear, and a good many other trees and 
shrubs. They attain their full growth in about three 
months, when they separate to seek places of conceal- 
ment, where they pupate in thin and almost transparent 
cocoons, in which they remain through the winter as 
chrysalids. The full-grown caterpillar is over an inch 
long, with a slender body. Their general color is gray, 
with a tinge of greenish-yellow. Trees defoliatel by 
