CHIEF COLLECTORS OF ORCHIDS 91 
made the most extensive and systematic journeys which have ever been 
effected throughout South Africa, reaching to Port Natal on the east, 
and to the mouth of the Orange River on the west. His collection of 
plants was enormous, and in this respect his work has never been 
equalled. They included many Orchids from the Peninsula, of which 
those new to science were described by Lindley. 
Ecxton, Christian Friedrich: b. Apenrade, Schleswig-Holstein, 
1795; d. Cape Town, 1868. Arrived at the Cape in 1823: travelled 
extensively throughout South Africa for many years, collecting plants 
for sale, for the most part in conjunction with Zeyher. Their Orchids 
were worked by Dr. Sonder, of Hamburg. 
Harvey, William Henry: b. near Limerick, 1811; d. Torquay, 
1866. Arrived in the Colony in 1885; collected only in the Western 
Districts, and for the most part near Cape Town. His Orchids were 
partly described by Lindley. He was a botanist of European reputation, 
and an acute observer. He made drawings of plants and taught himself 
lithography while in Cape Town, for the purpose of publishing them. 
Krauss, Ferdinand: Arrived in the Colony in 1888 and travelled 
for two years in the western and eastern coast districts and in Natal. 
He does not seem to have discovered any novelties, but his collections 
were numbered and distributed. 
Masson, Francis: b. Aberdeen, 1741; d. Montreal, 1805. Was 
an under gardener at Kew. First visited the Cape in 1772, and 
returned in 1775 ; again arrived in the Colony in 1786 and remained 
until 1795.* Made many journeys, collected living plants, seeds and 
dried specimens; also made some excellent drawings of Peninsular 
and other Cape Orchids, now preserved in the British Museum, South 
Kensington. Was the companion of Thunberg on one of the latter’s 
journeys. 
OupEnBuRG, D.: b. ; d. 1774. A Swedish private soldier, 
who accompanied Masson as a servant during part of his stay at the 
Cape, and made considerable botanical collections. 
Parpg, Karl W. Ludwig, M.D.: b. Hamburg, 1808; d. Cape Town, 
1862. Was for some time Colonial Botanist. Collected plants chiefly 
in the western districts, and especially about Cape Town, but did not 
publish any descriptions of Cape Orchids. 
Sparrman, Andreas: b. 1748; d. 1820. A Swede. Arrived at the 
Cape in March, 1772, and soon made several excursions in company 
with his compatriot Thunberg. Captain Cook’s expedition with the 
Forsters on board, arriving in November of the same year, he joined 
them and sailed in the ‘ Resolution’ for New Zealand, &c., returning 
with them in March, 1775. In July he undertook an extensive 
journey into the interior and returned with large collections in April, 
1776. 
* Britten in ‘Journal of Botany,’ vol. xxii. (1884), pp. 114—123. 
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