70 IOWA STUDIES IN NATURAL HISTORY 



7. PA3IPHILA NEVADA (Plate I, Fig. 9) 

 PampMla nevada Scud., Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, ii, 347, pi. x, ff. 1-4, pi. 



XI, ff. 3, 4, 1874. 

 Wright, Butt. W. Coast 240, pi. xxx, pp. 418, c, 419, b, c, 421, b, e, 1905. 



I follow Dr, McDunnough in making this species distinct from comma. 

 There is some difference in the male genitalia and if we restrict nevada 

 to the typical form the under surface differs as noted in the key. Arizona 

 to Northern Canada. 



8. PA3IPHILA COMMA 

 PampMla comma Linn., Syst. Nat. 484, 1758, 



Comma is a European species and does not occur in its typical form in 

 this country. 



8a. race COLOBADO PI. I, fig. 11 

 PampMla Colorado Scud., Mem. Bbst, Soc. Nat. Hist, ii, 349, pi. x, ff. 16, 

 17, 18, pi. XI, ff. 1, 2, 1874. 

 Arizona north to Washington, California. 



In the typical form the under surface of the secondaries is bright green 

 with the band pure white, short, rather even, and the basal marks united 

 to form a U. 



8b. race MANITOBA 

 PampMla manitoha Scud., Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, ii, 351, pi. x, ff. 8- 



11, pi. XI, ff. 7, 8, 1874. 

 Scud., Butt. New Eng. ii, 1646, 1889. 



PampMla manitoha, var. laurentina Lyman, Can. Ent. xxiv, 57, 1892. 

 Northwestern United States and Western Canada. 

 The typical form is golden brown beneath with whitish maculation, 



8c. race IDAHO 

 PampMla Colorado, var. idaho Edw., Can. Ent. xv, 148, 1883. 

 Wright, Butt. W. Coast 241, pi. xxxi, f. 422, 1905. 



California, Oregon, north into Canada. 



The smooth, yellow appearance of the under surface of the secondaries 

 is characteristic. 



8d. race ASSINIBOIA 

 PampMla manitoha, var. assiniboia Lyman, Can. Ent. xxiv, 57, 1892. 

 Regina, Canada. 



8e. race OBEGONIA Plate i, fig. 13 

 PampMla oregonia Edw., Can. Ent. xv, 150, 1883. 



Nevada, west to the coast and north into Canada. 



The maculation of the under surface is similar to that of assiniboia but 

 yellowish instead of white. 



