86 IOWA STUDIES IN NATURAL HISTORY 



Key to the species 



1. Under surface of secondaries with bright yellow marks 2 



No clear yellow on under surface 4 



2. Yellow a broad transverse band crossed by a broad ray through cell . . 3 

 Yellow much more extensive zabvlon 



3. Wings broadly yellow-fulvous with narrow fuscous margins; yellow of 



under surface rather dull taxiles 



Wings less broadly fulvous and more or less fuscous within outer mar- 

 gin; yellow of under surface of secondaries very bright hobomoh 



Wings dark, with or without small pale spots massasoit 



4. Upper surface of secondaries with pale markings indefinite, or faint; 



sometimes immaculate 5 



This surface with a bright yellow-fulvous patch 8 



5. Pale spot in cell of primaries at least faintly indicated .... pocaiwntas 

 No trace of this spot 6 



6. Wings immaculate above massasoit form suffusa 



Wings with pale spots 7 



7. Under surface with some bluish irroration zabulon $ 



Without bluish irroration melane 



8. Primaries with definite spots or a dark stigma 9 



Spots diffuse, extended, or discal area broadly yellow-fulvous; male 

 stigma pale, slender 10 



9. $ with stigma; 9 with three small, round, pale spots on under surface 

 of secondaries yeM 



$ without stigma; 9 vrithout such spots viator 



10. Under surface of secondaries with a vague, pale dash through cell 



hotvardi, aaroni 



Under surface partly greenish-fuscous with contrasting pale veins 

 streckeri 



1. POANES VIATOR 



Eesperia viator Edw., Proc. Ent. Soc. Phil, iv, 202, pi. i, f. 5, 1865. 

 Scudder, Butt. New Eng. ii, 1604, 1889. 

 Holland, Butterfly Book 362, pi. XLVi, f. 15, 1898. 



New York, New Jersey, Michigan, Southeastern Canada, Omaha, Neb., 

 (Leussler) ; June to August. 



2. POANES MASSASOIT 



Eesperia massasoit Scud., Proc. Ess. Inst, iii, 171, 1863. 



Scudder, Butt. New Eng. ii, 1597, 1889. 



Holland, Butterfly Book 361, pi. XLVi, ff. 21, 22, 1898. 



New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, Iowa, July. Skinner (Cat. p. 80) 

 records it westward and southward to Texas and Colorado. 



The male is either immaculate blackish brown above or with a few small 

 yellow-fulvous spots, while the female frequently has the spots of large size 

 an . a very pale shade. 



