QUALITIES FOR MAEKET CULTIVATION. 189 



Very good^ denotes varieties that possess all but one of the above 

 qualilies in a high degree. 



Good^ is applied to those that lack some of the above qualities, 

 or possess one or two of them in only a moderate degree. 



Fair^ indicates that the varieties have some claim to attention, 

 but not enough to entitle it to a high rank. 



Poor, designates those entirely unworthy of cultivation. 



Pyriform^ denotes the fruit with the small end at the stem, or 

 approaching in form a cone. 



Acute Pyriform^ fruit tapering to a point at the stem, like the 

 Beurrc Bosc. 



Obtuse Pyriform^ the small end rather blunt at the stem, like the 

 Bartlett. 



Depressed Pyriform, the sides immediately below the stem 

 sunken, as if forming an incipient neck. 



Lojig Pyriform^ neck very long, as in the Dix. 



Obovate, denotes an egg shape, like that of the Vergalieu. 



Tui'binate, is roundish, but approaching a point at the stem. 



Oblate, flattened at the ends like the Bergamots. 



Pyramidal, regularly increasing in size from the base to the stem. 



Large, a size ranging from the Bartlett to the Duchessc. 



Small, ranging between the Seckel and Washington. 



Medium, the size of the Lawrence and Vergalieu. 



Calyx, the flower end, or the leaves of the flower which remain 

 on the fruit. 



QUALITIES REQUIRED FOR MARKET CUL'nVATION. 



In this selection of varieties, it has been the writer's purpose to 

 include none which were of doubtful value, and which have not 

 been proved, by the most ample experience, to be suited to general 

 cultivation. The list is carefully made from comparisons of the 

 experience of the best pomologists, as well as of ordinary cultivat- 

 ors, from Maine to Georgia, from the lists of Pomological 

 Societies, and from the writer's personal experience and observation. 

 The rules observed in the formation of this list are : 



First. The tree must be hardy, able to withstand severe winter.*', 

 a strong, vigorous grower, and not liable to crack in the bark, or 

 CO blinht. 



