146 IOWA STUDIES IN NATURAL HISTORY 
pure sand I found young plants of mangrove started in a region 
where of course further growth was impossible for them. 
With maturer conditions of soil various trees establish them- 
selves, such as Tournefortia argentea, Terminalia litoralis, T. 
catappa, Hernandia peltata, Calophyllum linophyllum, Drymr- 
spermum burnettianum, ete. Of special interest were several 
pandanus trees with their conspicuous fruits. At the northwest 
corner of the building assigned to us for use as laboratory was a 
fine but solitary papaya tree (Carica papaya) in full fruitage. 
Since this species is diccious and therefore could not pollinate its 
own pistils I wondered as to the possible source of pollen. <A eare- 
ful study showed that no other mature tree of the species was 
growing on this island, though at the north end was a young tree 
a few fect in height which apparently had never blossomed. The 
nearest possible source of pollen therefore was from Nukulau, a 
neighboring island somewhat larger than Makuluva, which was re- 
ported to have many papaya trees. In this case the pollen was 
carried across open water for a distance at least one mile, or if 
from the mainland, a distance of three miles. The fruits con- 
tained abundant seeds. 
The greater portion of my time was spent in and about Suva, 
with headquarters at the Fiji Club. This comfortable club house 
occupied a hilltop overlooking the harbor and most of the town. 
Through the kind invitation of the officers of this club we were 
permitted to use their dormitory building and so we escaped the 
tediousness of hotel life. The secretary of the club, Mr. Clarence 
DeMouncey, showed me many kindnesses not the least of which 
was the privilege of being a guest on two occasions in his attractive 
suburban home. Here grew in profusion a wealth of cultivated 
flower and foliage plants which were the ‘special pride of Mrs. 
DeMouncey. From Suva as a center we made numerous short ex- 
cursions to adjacent ‘‘bush’’, semi-cultivated, and cultivated areas. 
While in these islands I was interested to see the splendid work 
being carried on by Dr. S. M. Lambert, an American, working un- 
der the auspices of the Rockefeller International Health Board. 
He was engaged in a study of the hook-worm disease with which 
the peoples long resident in the tropics are so afflicted. Dr. 
Lambert was using carbon tetrachloride as a specific, and during 
the fore part of that year had treated over 25,000 cases, about 
90% of whom were cured by a single dose. Thousands had thus 
