PHILIPPINE SPECIES OF DRYOPTERIS. 191 



LeptocliUus. Gymnopteris, Polyhotrya, Egenolfia, Stenosemm, and Cae- 

 noptens with Aspidimn, m a broad sense, appears to me to acquire a new 

 support; and wliat is more, although perhaps in the cases where it has 

 not yet been possible to iind tlie aspidioid type of all acrostichoid plants 

 it is probable that the aspidioid type has not been preserved or that it 

 has been so modified as to be unrecognizahle. Be that a^ it may 

 for Stenosemm one must admit the immediate descent of Pleocnenda 

 memhramfoliu {Dictyopteris Chattagramica Clarke) as Beddome has 

 asserted.'^ Likewise I now connect my Gymnopteris Bonii ' from Tonkin 

 directly with Aspidium repandum Willd. The contention that "Acros- 

 tichum" is only "Aspidium" with reduced fertile pinn^, appears to me 

 to be better established tb.an ever. Is this a step iu advance in the 

 development or a degeneration ? The example of Dryopteris canescens, 

 where the mcontestable deformation of the pinna^ both fertile and 

 sterile, is accompanied l)y the acrostichoid formation as to the soriferous 

 parts, appears to me to point strongly to the latter; that is to say, 

 an aberration and weakening of tlie type, wliich one can scarcely call 

 only teratological, because the influences that liave caused the cli"anges 

 are uuknown. 



OBSERVATIONS. 



1. In my Filices Insularum Philippinarum '' I have noted Aspidiiim 

 Fauriei var. elatiits Christ and A. grammitoides. Both belong in Atliy- 

 rium, with aspidioid sori, as is the case witli Athyrium o.typhy]1am whieli 

 is found in the Philippines with absolutely aspidioid sori. 



2. In his Polypodiaceaj of the Philippine Ishmds," Copeland includes 

 Nephrodium asperulum (J. Sm.) Copel. The species was based on No. 

 (i3 Cuming, Polypodium asperulum J. Sm., and the specimen in the 

 Herbarium of the Bureau of Science is to me Microlepia speluncae 

 (Linn.) Moore, with submarginal sori. 



3. Copelnnd' admits Ncphrodium rugulosum (Labill.) Copel., but to 

 me the phmt indicated is Hypolepis. Species of llypolepis with the sori 

 more or less intramarginal give rise to some doubt as to their proper 

 disposition. There is a form in the Philippines which has a rhizome 

 often, if not always, creeping, which is generally a good character of true 

 Hypolepis and which indicates the relationship of that genus with 

 Pteridium. This form was considered by me at first as Dryopteris 

 setigera (Blume) 0. Ktz., and later as Aspidium vile Kunze, of Java, 

 with which it has a great resemblance. It has been collected on Mount 

 App, Mindanao, by Gopeland (No. 1462) October, 1904, and on Mount 



' Suppl. Ferns Brit. Ind. 48, 40. 

 *Bun. Herb. Boi.ss. II 4: 610. 

 ^ Bull. Herh. Boiss. 6 (1898) 19S. 

 "Oovt. Lab. Publ. 28 (1905) 25. 

 ' L. c. 26. 



