12 THE CAL'LIFLOWEE. 



other variables, directly from seeds of the wild cab- 

 bage. These, and other considerations, "^makey.it 

 seem doubtful that our broccolis have originated 

 from our cauliflowers. Whatever the original 

 form of the cauliflower may have been, it seems 

 more probable that the broccolis now grown_had a 

 separate origin, either from the wild state or from 

 some form of kale. Nearly all our present varieties of 

 broccoli originated in England from a few sorts in- 

 troduced from Italy. 



Cauliflowers, in name at least, are older than 

 the broccolis, and were brouo^ht to a hiofh 

 state of development and widely distributed 

 before the latter are mentioned in history. 

 They were grown in the Mediterranean region 

 long before they became known in other parts of 

 Europe. 



Sturtevant finds no mention of the cauliflower or 

 broccoli in ancient authors, the only indication of 

 the kind being the use of the word cyma by Pliny 

 for a form of the cabbage tribe, which he thinks 

 may have been the broccoli. Heuze states that 

 three varieties of cauliflower were known in Spain 

 in the twelfth century. In 1565 the cauliflower is 

 reported as being extensively grown in Hayti in 

 the New World. 



In 1573-5, Rauwolf, while traveling in the East, 

 found the cauliflower cultivated at Aleppo, in Turkey. 



