APHILOTHRIX FECUXDATEIX. 85 



When it reaches this condition it is an indication that 

 the gall is abont to be pushed ont, and this soon takes 

 place, g. The central scales continne to lengthen for 

 some time after the gall has gone (/'), but theh^growtli 

 is dependent upon the condition of the season, whether 

 it be early or late when the gall falls ; if the latter, 

 no change takes place in the length of the scales. 

 These scales separate somewhat from one another, but 

 the whole cluster remains on the twig or branch 

 throughout the winter ; the coldest and roughest 

 weather seemingly has no power to dislodge them. 

 The new o-rowth in the spring usually pushes them off 

 (see Plate^XXIT, div. B). 



They are mostly sessile and axillary in their situation ; 

 many, however, are elevated on a peduncle 20 mm. or 

 more long, and many others are in a terminal position. 



Soon after the gall has fallen to the ground it 

 attains maturity. The exterior liecomes hard and firm, 

 the colour deepens to a reddish-brown, and it is difficult 

 to find amongst dead leaves, grass, loose earth, etc. 



It remains in that condition for a period which 

 may extend to two and a half years, before the imago 

 issues from it. Some galls, however, do not leave the 

 scales from various causes, the principal l)eing the 

 presence of parasites or inquilines instead of the 

 rightful owner. Such examples are occasionallj^ found 

 in the winter and spring. 



These strobiliform o-rowths are exceedino-ly connnon 

 all over England, and are found more plentifully on 

 l)ushes and young trees than on large trees during the 

 months of June and Octol)er, both inclusive, in a fresh 

 state, varying according to the locality, and in the old 

 condition for many months more. 



Cameron and Fitch both state that the larvae and 

 pup^e of a Tortrix, Carpocapsajnliana,Tnajhe commonly 

 found among the leaf-scales and the imago easily 

 reared. 



