APHILOTHEIX KAiaCJS. 93 



when al)ove ground. I have ol)served that when 

 situated on the trunk, or a branch, the majority of 

 single growths {i.e. hke that in Phite XXX, div. A), 

 approach a reniform or an oval shape, and are sessile. 

 Such a specimen may he regarded as the result of the 

 oviposition of Ijut one imago, whereas that in the lower 

 half of Plate XXYI, being due to several, perhaps four, 

 imagines. 



The size, likewise, differs considerably, varying from 

 that of a marble to \ipwards of 30 cm. at greatest 

 girth. 



The gall appears in September and continues grow- 

 ino- for some weeks. About Xovember it ceases to 

 grow until the spring, when formation is resumed, and 

 by the end of the summer it is mature ; the larvie then 

 pupate and remain in that condition through the 

 winter, the imagines coming out about April. During 

 formation the gall is succulent, of the consistence of a 

 potato, more or less smooth externally and slighth' 

 glossy ; when nearing maturity it becomes firmer, and 

 finally hard and woody. Small and medium size 

 aerial specimens usually have about half their surface 

 deeply furrowed, producing elevations of irregular 

 shape, size, and height, and mostly pointed. 



The larval chaml^ers are exceedingly numerous. 

 They are normally globular in shape, about 3 mm. in 

 diameter, with thin, hard, and woody walls, firmly 

 afl&xed to each other in a somewhat concentric pattern, 

 and occupying the centre of the surrounding tissue. 

 After the gall has arrived at maturity this tissue 

 undergoes various changes. It loses much of its solid 

 nature, becomes soft and open in texture, thus offering 

 little resistance to the imagines in eating their way to 

 the exterior. Finally it decays away, leaving the 

 tenantless larval chambers in a conglomerated con- 

 dition, whitish in colour, and adherent for some time. 



The colour is regulated according to situation. 

 Below ground it is white, or dirty white, sometimes 

 with a rose tinge ; beneath leaves or moss it is suffused 



