CYNIPS TINCTORIA. 141 



GALLS CAUSED BY 



CYNIPS TINCTORIA 



on twigs of Q. pubescens. 

 CYNIPS CALICIS 



on cupules of Q. peduncidata. 

 ( ? — ■ undetermined) 



on cnpules of Q. Ilex. 



Cynips tinctoria, Mayr. 



(Plate LX, div. B.) 



English names of gall. — " The Aleppo Gall," " The Ink 

 Marble." 



Position of gall. — Ou tAvigs of Q. puhescens. 



The gall caused by tliis species is so little known and 

 so seldom seen that a brief notice of it may be useful 

 to the student. 



It will be seen upon reference to Plate XXXV, 

 figs. 1, 2, 3,; and Plate LX, div. B, that G. tinctoria. 

 bears a very close resemblance to C. Kollari, and many 

 specimens of the latter might be easily mistaken for 

 the Aleppo gall. 



But tincforia, when mature, is very much harder in 

 texture than Kollari in the same condition, and the 

 cell- walls are quite stone-like. It is surprising that the 

 imago is able to eat a way out through so hard a 

 texture. 



C. tinctoria is about the same size as Kollari and 

 grows in the same positions. 



It is found in various parts of Turkey, principally 



