244 PROCEEDINGS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY 
18. POLYGONATUM, Tourn. 
1. P. Birtorum, Ell. Stem slender, usually declinate, 1} to 3 
feet high: leaves ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, mostly narrow at 
base, 2 to 4 inches long, pubescent beneath: pedicels jointed at or 
very near the base of the flower, 3 to 6 lines long, naked: flowers 
1 or 2 (rarely 3) at each axil, 4 to 6 lines long. — Convallaria biflora, 
Walt. C. pubescens, Willd. Hort. Berol. t.45. C. canaliculata, Muh. ; 
Willd. 1. c. P. angustifolium, canaliculatum, pubescens, multiflorum 
and hirtum, Pursh. Canada (New Brunswick to Winnipeg Valley) to 
Florida; wooded hillsides. 
2. P. eicgantrum, Dietr. Glabrous throughout: stem somewhat 
curved, 2 to 7 feet high: leaves broadly ovate to lanceolate, usually 
clasping by a broad base, 3 to 8 inches long: pedicels jointed below 
(4 to 1 line or more) the base of the flower, } to 3 inches long in- 
cluding the common peduncle, frequently with narrow bracts: flowers 
1 to 10 or more, 5 to 9 lines long. — Otto, Gartenz. 1835, 222. Con- 
vallaria commutata, Schult. Syst. 7. 1671. P. commutatum and P. 
parviflorum, Dietr. |. c. P. latifolium, var. commutatum, Baker, 
Journ. Linn. Soc. 14. 555, chiefly. New England to Lake Win- 
nipeg and the Upper Missouri, and from Virginia to New Mexico ; 
meadows and river-banks. Neither P. latifolium nor P. multiflorum 
is American, though the latter is frequent in cultivation; both have 
the pedicel jointed at the base of the flower. 
19. SMILACINA, Desf. 
* Flowers on very short pedicels in a terminal racemose panicle: stamens 
exceeding the small (a line long) oblong-lanceolate segments: ovules col- 
lateral. 
1. S. RAcEMOSA, Desf. More or less pubescent: rootstock stout : 
stem 1 to 3 feet high, somewhat flexuous: leaves oblong-lanceolate, 
mostly narrowly acuminate, abruptly short-petioled: style very short: 
berry reddish, purple-dotted, 3 lines broad, usually 1-seeded: seed 
whitish, 2 lines in diameter.— Ann. Mus. Par. 9. 51; Torr. Fl. N. 
York, 2. 298, t. 130. Convallaria racemosa, Linn.; Sims, Bot. Mag. 
t. 899. Tovaria, Necker; Baker, Journ. Linn. Soc. 14. 570. Poly- 
gonastrum, Moench. Maianthemum, Link. S. ciliata, Desf. 1. ¢., t. 9. 
New Brunswick to Winnipeg Valley, south to S. Carolina and 
Arkansas. 
2. S. AMPLEXICAULIS, Nutt. Similar: leaves ovate to lanceolate, 
rarely at all acuminate, mostly sessile and clasping at base: style 
