INSECTS AND DISEASES. 89 
tender shoots, and in a short time will, if un- 
molested, destroy the vigor or vitality of any 
rose they infest. Much the best destructive 
agent to use against them is tobacco smoke; 
when this cannot be applied, a liquid solu- 
tion, made from tobacco stems or leaves, or 
from quassia, will be found an efficient 
method of working their destruction. Take 
four ounces of quassia chips, or tobacco stems, 
and boil them about ten minutes in a gallon 
of soft water; strain off the chips, and add 
four ounces of soft soap, which should be 
dissolved in it as it cools, stirring well before 
using. Itmay be applied by dipping a whisk 
broom in the mixture and sprinkling all 
shoots that are infested. Whale-oil soap, 
dissolved in water, is also a useful remedy. 
MILDEW.—This is a fungous disease often 
caused by great and sudden atmospheric 
changes, and by a long continuance of damp, 
cloudy weather. The best proved remedies 
are sulphur ard soot; one of these should be 
applied the moment the disease makes its ap- 
pearance; the plants should be sprinkled 
with water so that the substance applied will 
adhere, or else let it be put on early in the 
morning while the dew is yet on the plants. 
Some localities are much more subject to 
visitations of this disease than others, and in 
