RAISING NEW VARIETIES. 187 
one flower is often carried to the pistils of 
another, and so natural crossing or hybridiza- 
tion takes place. ‘Thus, by simply gathering 
and sowing the seeds of one variety, like 
General Jacqueminot, ft has been possible to 
produce a large number of distinct kinds of 
great value. This, as stated above, has been 
the practice up to the present time, but it is 
a practice on which we should no longer ex- 
clusively depend; on the contrary, for the 
roses of the future we should mainly rely on 
artificial crossing and hybridization, or, in 
other words, on manual fecundation. 
Laffay, who raised most of the Hybrid Re« 
montants of value that were sent out previ- 
ous to 1850, is understood to have produced 
many, or the most, of them, by crossing va- 
tieties of the Bourbon Rose with the old 
crimson Rose du Roi. Vibert, Hardy, and 
some other of the French rosarians, are also 
credited with having produced many of their 
most beautiful sorts by manual fertilization, 
but as no record has been kept of the varie- 
ties used as parents, the result of their work 
is of no use to the hybridizer of the present 
day further than that it affords proof that 
definite results are more certain from arti- 
ficial than from natural crosses. 
The following sorts are all claimed as the 
