28 
to be planted deeper than is usual or advisable 
with sorts upon the Dog Rose or common Briar; 
they should, in fact, be planted so that the collar 
of the bud is entirely beneath the soil, and they 
will not succeed perfectly if this is not carefully 
attended to. The plants which are grown upon 
the Manetti stock are either budded or grafted quite 
low, to allow of them being planted so that the 
union of the bud with the stock may be readily 
covered. Let all standard Roses which are two 
feet in height and upwards, be securely fastened 
to stakes, to prevent their being disturbed by the 
wind. 
Pruninc.—This operation will require to be per- 
formed during February, March, and April. At 
the time of pruning it is necessary to have in view 
the proper formation of the tree, so that when 
grown and in bloom it may assume the form 
desired. When fully grown it should appear equal 
on every side, somewhat conical, but wider at its 
base, so that when viewed from different positions it 
should present an uniform appearance. When in 
bloom every flower should be seen, and not hidden 
by leaves or shoots growing before them, neither 
should the tree be at all crowded, but each shoot 
should stand out at equal and regular distances. 
I know it will be found somewhat difficult to 
obtain a proper and uniform shape with all kinds ; 
there are some which will, in spite of all pruning, 
grow as close in the head as a besom, others will 
start off anyhow, one shoot frequently taking the 
lead, and if allowed, will grow to such an extent as 
