54 
require to be done with great care, and at a time of 
the day when the farina is observed to be most 
abundant. After the flower is impregnated, enclose 
it with a gauze bag, to prevent insects from disturb- 
ing the pollen until it has taken effect. The seed 
pod which has been fertilized should be marked so 
as to be known at the time of gathering, and should 
be noted down, so that the realisation of the object 
aimed at may be watched in the seedling plants. 
Much time and patience will be required during 
and atter the performance of this work. To those 
who have time to devote to it, nothing can be more 
pleasing or interesting, and it is the only sure 
means of bringing out any desired properties in 
new varieties. 
A more easy plan, though not so certain in its 
results, is to plant side by side varieties of opposite 
characters, and to allow fertilization to be effected 
by the action of the winds, insects, or other causes. 
There need be no restriction as to crossing one 
group with another; and so distinct and opposite 
are the properties of many varieties, even in the 
same group or family, that no limit can be placed 
to the possible results. 
Before fertilizing, it will be necessary to become 
acquainted with what kinds will bear seed freely, 
and these must be selected from the seed bearers. 
A great many varieties of Roses never produce 
mature seed. The following may be taken as good 
seed - bearers:—Moss: Alice Leroy, Baronne de 
Wassenaér, Celina, Clemence Beaugrand, Comtesse 
de Murinais, Luxembourg, and Marie de Blois, 
