399 
2nd Instance. Short bracts of the involucre. 
On the outside of the single row of long bracts there 
stand a rumber of much shorter ones, oval shaped, pointed, 
with a black-coloured top. The exact spot where the 
stalk of the capitulum begins to broaden into the recep- 
tacle, is not to be marked; neither is there a sharp limit 
between the bracts properly so called and the one or 
two leaflets often produced lower on the stalk. So [ was 
(#4 Û € d 
Fig. 3. Types of Bracts. 
a. Lower transitional leaflet. 
b. Typical bract. 
c, d. Higher transitional leaflets. 
obliged to include in my material of short bracts all the 
leaflets above the last branching. Likewise there exist, 
however rare, leaflets intermediate between short and long 
bracts. They approach the linear shape of the latter; 
but as long as they were placed below the edge on which 
the long bracts stand, I had to count them also among 
the short type. 
