372 REPORT OF THE COMMISSIOl^^R OF AGRICULTURE. 



tliau during tlic winter, lu tlie summer and tiill a great many have ac- 

 cesK to a pasture, others are allowed to roam at large, and get their food 

 and water wherever it is convenient, and almost all receive at least some 

 green food. Further, the hacilli and their germs pro))agate more rajj- 

 idly in the summer and early Tall than in any other season of the year, 

 and the heavy dews, common from July or August till November, carry 

 down, in the night and inorning those germs that may have risen in the 

 air during the day and deposit them upon the surface of the earth, but 

 especially ui)Ou the grass aud herbage of iield and i)asture, and in the 

 water of pools, brooks, &c ; consequently, there can be no doubt that 

 an introduction of the disease-germs into the animal organism with the 

 food and water for drinking constitutes a more frequent means of infec- 

 tion in the summer than in the winter. Xow, .according to my observa- 

 tions, as mentioned in my first report, the morbid jirocess seems to have 

 a special tendency to attack the digestive canal, and to i)roduce ulcer- 

 ous tumors in the large intestiriCS, if the infectious principle has been 

 introduced with the food or with the water for drinking; but this is 

 often, though not always, confined to the organs of the chest and to the 

 lymphatic system if the disease-germs have entered the organism through 

 a scratch or wound. 



A FEW SPECIAL CASES. 



1. Post morlcni cxamiuatiou of a biirrow, i)ine moiitlis old, belonging to H. Miller, 

 Praireville, Lee, Couuty, Ulinoi.s. Date, December "2'J. 



Externallt,'. — No n(/or morlis, and carcass yet warm. Skin reddened and purjilish on 

 lower sivrlaco of bofiy, between tlie legs, behind the ears, aud on the neck 



Internally. — Lynix)hatic glands enlarged; iu the lungs gray hepatization aud numer- 

 ous embolic hearths, looking like tuberclcK, comprising over one-third of the whole 

 pulmonal tissue ; more than one pint of serum iu the chest, aud over four ounces in the 

 pericardium, capillaries, and larger blood-vessels of the heart, but especially of the 

 auricles, very nmch iojected aud tinged with dark-colored blood, so as to give the au- 

 ricles au almost uniform black-browu appearaiicc; extravasated blood aud large 

 quantities of gelatinous exudation imbedded iu the tissue (walls) of the aiuicles ; no 

 ulcerous tumors in the intestinal canal. 



y. Fost mortem examination of a i)ig nine montha old, weighing 2.o0 pouuds, aud be- 

 longing to Airs. Harms, Gap Grove, Leo Coimty, Illinois. The animal had just died. 

 Date, Deceiuber 30. 



Externalhj.-AjXooA oozing from the nostrils. 



Infernally. — Pulmonal and costal i)lcura nearly everywhere more or less firmly 

 united; brown hepatization extending over three-fourths of the lungs; some parts 

 almost gaugronoiis, and containing patches of extravasated blood; capillary blood- 

 vessels of the heart, but especially of the auricles, very iviuch injected, and tinged 

 with dark-colored blood; left auricle perfectly black; blood everywhere dark-colored; 

 lymi>hatic ghinds everywhere enlarged; some incipient ulcerous titmors iu caicum, and 

 erosions in the mucous membrane of the blind eud of the same intestine. The car- 

 cass was in very good flesh, aud rather plethoric. 



3. Fost mortem examination of another pig of same age, belonging to same party. 

 Date, January 8. 



Extermilly. — Xo changes worth mentioning. 



Internally. — Lym))hatic glands s(>mo\vhat enlarged; adhesion between i)ulmonal 

 and costal pleura; ouo-lialf of the pulmonal tissue hcx)atizcd, utimerons embolic 

 hearths and extravasations of blood in the hepatized parts of lungs, aud the tissue of 

 the heart atid of the posterior aorta; some serum iu pericardium; attricles of the 

 heart spotted with numerous specks of extravasated blood; flesh (f.it and lean) every- 

 where very yellow; liver more or less sclerotic, and contents of gall-bladder very 

 dark-colored and semi-solid; s])leen dark-colored, aud spotted with small rust-colored 

 aud elevated sjiots; small specks aud patches of extravasated blood in mucotts mem- 

 brane of stoiuach; several ulcerous tumors — some very large, others small — iu colon; 

 erosions aud specks of extravasated blood, btit no iilcerous tumors iu mucotis mom- 

 brane of csocum, 



4. Fost mortem examiuati(3u of a pig belonging to Jlr. Swigart, PalmjTa, Leo County, 

 Illinois. Date, January 14. Pig was killed by bleeding. While alive, was bleeding 

 from the nose, auii breathiug Avith di£B(;ulty. 



Morbid dtaiifj&i. — All lymphatic glands very much enlarged; pulmonal ]>leura of left 

 lobe of lungs adhering to costal pleura; red aud brown hepatization aud nuraerouB 



