eigenmann: fresh water fishes. 257 



da. Snout and maxillary forming at least half the length of the head ; lateral line 

 incomplete. 

 e. Maxillary with 0-4 teeth ; jaws equal ; premaxillary teeth five-pointed, in 

 an outer row of about 8 teeth and an inner row of about 10 teeth; 

 maxillary usually with 2 teeth ; anterior mandibular teeth stronger 

 than those of the premaxillary, 10—12 in number; sides of the lower 

 jaw with a long row of very small single-pointed teeth. 



Crcatochanes Gunther. 

 ee. Maxillary with teeth along its entire edge ; lateral line very short. Species 

 with dark lines along the sides. 



/. Anterior teeth of lower jaw all alike, tricuspid ; anterior pair of pre- 

 maxillary teeth little larger than the rest. HollandiclLthys Eigenmann. 

 ff. Lateral teeth of lower jaw enlarged, canine-like, the fourth usually 

 largest ; middle teeth of premaxillary much enlarged. 



Pseiidochalceus Kner. 

 bb. Mandibles with a pair of conical teeth behind the front series. Teeth otherwise all alike 

 imbricate, compressed, five-pointed ; dorsal placed behind ventrals ; scales large. 

 Toothed portion of maxillary-premaxillary border horizontal. Henockilus Garman. 

 na. Lower jaw. included. Teeth of the front of the lower jaw strong, graduated, with ridges on 

 the anterior surface, those of the sides abruptly smaller (except in Hemihvycoit) and incon- 

 spicuous ; upper jaw short, the lower jaw oblique when closed, its teeth pointing backward 

 and upward when the jaw is closed, frequently enclosed in the inner series of the upper jaw. 

 g. Premaxillary teeth in two series. (See also Bryconops.) 

 h. Lower jaw without a pair of conical teeth. 



i. Maxillary with teeth along its entire length or nearly its entire length. 



J. Lateral line interrupted. Holopristis Eigenmann. 



jj. Lateral line complete. Hemibrycon Gunther. 



ii. Maxillary with 0-5 teeth at its anterior upper end. 



k. Depth more than half the length ; no predorsal spine ; preventral region 

 flat. Tetragonopterus Cuvier. 



kk. Depth less than half the length. 

 /. Anal and caudal naked. 

 \^ m. Lateral line interrupted. Hemigranwnis Gill. 



WW. Lateral line complete. 



)i. American. Maxillary frequently with teeth. More than 3 

 scales between ventral and 1. 1. Astyanax Baird & Girard. 

 HH. African. Maxillary without teeth. Pelersiiis Hilgendort. 

 //. Anal or caudal scaled. 



o. Anal naked ; caudal scaled. 



/. First and second series of premaxillary teeth in approxi- 

 mately parallel series. Manklimisia Eigenmann. 

 pp. First series of premaxillary teeth in a wavy line or imper- 

 fectly in two series. Biyconainericus Eigenmann. 

 00. Anal and caudal scaled ; anal long, convex. Postventral region 

 compressed, the scales not passing over it. 



Markiana Eigenmann. 



