THE FLOW OF SOLIDS. 2A5 
Excepting the last four substances mentioned, our results are directly 
opposed to those of Spring, but support the eriticisms of Friedel and 
Jannetaz. 
CONCLUSIONS. 
Conclusions at this stage of the investigation are necessarily prema- 
ture and tentative; still it may not be out of place to summarize the 
results of these and other experiments. 
‘It seems established that pressure alone can not truly liquefy a solid, 
i. e., diminish its rigidity. Consequently, we can scarcely expect chem- 
ical and erystalline changes by pressure alone. Solids can be made to 
flow and act in that respect, as liquids, by pressure, which overcomes 
the rigidity without diminishing it. In this case the time allowed for 
the motion 1s of vital importance. 
Whether further investigation will alter these conclusions or not is a 
question of time; at present, I believe them the only true ones to be 
drawn from the available facts. 
REFERENCES TO THE LITERATURE. 
BATTeLi and PaLazzo. On the change of volume of some substances onmelting. R. 
Ace. dei Linceit. 1885. 1. pp. 1-20. 
A. BarTEeLI. Influence of pressure on the melting point of some substances. Atti 
del R. Ist. veneto di Sc. ed Arti. 1885. (6). II. 
——— Also, Il Nuovo Cimento. 1886. (3.) XIx. pp. 232-243. 
Atti del R. Ist. veneto di Sci. ed Arti. 1886. (3.) p. 30. 
Jamis THOMSON BorroMLEy. Melting and regelation of ice. Natwre, January 4, 
1872. vol. Vv, p. 185. 
R. BUNSEN. Rise of the melting point with pressure. Pogg, dnn. 1850. LXXXI. 
L. CAILLETET. Effect of pressure on chemical action. Naturforscher. Vv. p. 4. 
MICHAEL FARRADAY. Regelation. Proc. Roy. Soc. 1860. x. p.430: and Pogg. Ann. 
1860. CXI.  p. 647. 
Forses. Regelation of ice. Phil. Mag. 1858. (4.) Xvi. p. 544. 
Ep. FrReMy. Formation of coal by pressure. Comptes Rendus. May 26, 1879. 
LXXXVIII. p. 1048. 
Cu. FrrepreL. Criticism of the work of W. Sprinc. Bulletin de la Société Chimique 
de Paris. 1884. XxXxIx. p. 626. Reviewed by W. S. B., Amer. Chem. Jour. 
1884. vi. p. 129. 
G. P. GrimaLpi. Onthe variation by pressure of the temperature of maximum den- 
sity of water. Gazz. Chim. Ital. 1885. Xv. p. 297. 
R. von Hetmunorrz. The change of melting point calculated from the vapor tension 
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1854, CXXXIV. 
Ep. JANNETAZ with Nee, & CLERMONT. Note on the crystallization of substances 
under high pressure. Bulletin de la Soc. Chim. de Paris. 1884. XL. p. Ol. 
— —— Effects of compression on quartz. Bulletin dela Soc. Mineral. de France. 1885. 
Vike 1p. 168: 
KE, MALLARD and H. Le CHATELIER. On the variation with pressure of the tempera 
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W.Prppir. Note on the variation by pressure of the melting point of paratiine, ete. 
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