372 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF LIFE IN NORTH AMERICA, 
alluvial lands of the South Atlantic and Gulf States; but its northern 
and southern limits have been by no means agreed upon. Schouw 
defined these boundaries as the limit of trees on the north and latitude 
36° on the south, and named the region Michaux’s realm or realm of 
asters and solidagos. Berghaus retained Schouw’s southern bound- 
ary, but took off a broad belt on the north, which he named the realm 
of coniferous forests. The resulting northern limit, as shown on his 
map (1838), agrees closely with that adopted by such recent writers as 
Wallace (1876), Allen (1878), Packard (1883), and Heilprin (1887), all 
of whom, on the other hand, carry its southern boundary south to the 
Gulf of Mexico, thus making it coextensive with the Atlantic or East- 
ern province already referred to. 
Several early writers, among whom Schouw and Berghaus were 
prominent, recognized this region in the east, but knew nothing of the 
great interior plans, and consequently spoke of it as extending all the 
way to the Rocky Mountains. 
The extent to which this Eastern forest region has been recognized, 
together with the approximate north and south boundaries assigned it, 
will appear from the following table: 
Norr.—In the columns showing limit on the north and south the following abbre- 
viations are used: L. T.=northern limit of trees; C. F.=northern coniferous forests ; 
A.—Austro-riparian or Louisiana region; G.=Gulf of Mexico. 
Limit on the— | 
Date. Author. Name given to region. | Based on— Rank. 
| : North. rth. | § South. | 
Seeks eS pL LOU eae Are \ eS 
Tos Schouwessoseeeeee Asters and solidagos -....--..--- i laaelee | A. | Plantse. oeeee 1 
1830 | Pickering......--. Flora of United States....---.-.- Ck. +. | do; fern 2 
1838 | Berghaus -.--..---- Asters and solidagos -...-----..- (Op lia ZN | “onto oe il 
1Q425 | sEand Sto 25 see JGHC CPOE esa asecho- ccoussesesus Gurr 3 llessxGliye 28a. 1 
1848 | Frankenheim.-.-.- Ways Bing bine s+ os eosessosesE =: CORA Tae |. 22000) Bt eee eee 2 
1854 PA passiz—- 2-2 | ANlechanian == = sce eeeee se Chin eae | Animals eeee | 2 
1856) || Graypenc cesses. = Northern States ............-.--- (2) Aw. (pelantseae saa 1 
1859) Le Conte. =2--<---- | MasSteOrnice sack aecc seeecaee sees Woe 8(u2) Gon lelnsectseeeeee 1 
1859) Coopers-.cc-2 4-22) Appalachian= acsse= he ses =a emcee CES | G.~ | Horestseesses 1 
AS6Su Wernher Allechanianyeseeee=.-e eee sees C.F. A. Birds!3eeeee 4s | 1 
1863) |/eBimnneyn(WeIG:)) 4. | lnherion sees ea ae Chk: A. Mollusks ..... | 2 
gas || Ibknbl Go o8od s55e5- \)2Biais tena ere eer C.F. Ge 5} Bind sys eee 1 
1866 | Grisebach ......--. Mores tiyass eee eee oe eee Mees ere iPlantsieeeeeee | 1 
WO |) ONAN sooo ecosoc Atpp alae hanes eee ene eer eee Car G. HOrestseeeeeee 1 
TG All ZW eie a s a e as cos6 astern panies e cadece ete cence (0,198 G. Animals -22--: 2 
Tay Ip (Otel keane Coapcococe (LO) T RHE eS one Seren ote cosa] (C2) A. 20) 28, pee | 2 
BRE. | EWS ocsodecsce | Morests. 2.2 (ecmacees ase cettee eee | (Cone G. Planits:= saaeeee | 1 
STG) | Wrallaceyse 255 | Alleghanian -..--- Badin har AE Gul G Animals - - 2 
1882 | Engler......--..-- Appalachian province ..-.---.--- CE: G. Plants) seeeeee 3 
1883 | Packard ....-..-.. | Eastern. .--- Oe See ee yl G. Animals === --: u 
1883 | Jordan..-......-... | Atlantic TOSI OWES eeee eee |) (Cae G. Mollusks ..--- 3 
1884 | Sargent.......---- | Deciduous torestse-seee eee eee GRE: A NOTES ts sess 2 
THE | BANGS SSpecoonecee Wir oinian: -<-sassteeeeeeneeeee eee SK G Plantsjasssseee 2 
TSSG) eeartlan ye se. | Alleghanianys: ys2- secre eee nore (Ch I0, G. Birds oceseas | 2 
188%") Heilprine--------- | SOO) Sos clg. css eee ee eee ae eee (Ob 10), G. Animals ..---- | 2 
1887, } Brendale nce. - | Mixediiones taco ee cee eens ll (@alkes G. Plants weceseets | 2 
1889 | Ridgway .--.. ---- | astern) prowamCee--neseeee see hee2y G. Bind st: sesame | 1 
