376 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF LIFE IN NORTH AMERICA. 
The extent to which this region has been recognized will appear from 
the following table: 
Date. Author. | Name given to region. Based on— Rank. 
TERY || Ts hinGleh oe sesoasosns Chihuahwam. <5... < Sess sets ee oe eee ee Blantisseseee 1 
1859 | Le Conte .-..-..-. Southwestern and south-southwestern provinces.| Insects .-...-. 2 
1859R KCooperie-pess-s-—- INAV MEN We BMV Soca ap ocssscssesseedssssesseneso" Horests)--e-=- 2 
Th EN ees ett (tees Saree Arizonian and Chihuahuan regions ..-.-.---...-. bs COae Seen 2 
TEGO PBair dee saeee esas INOMAM CPV ED nee eeee nee ee eee ee eee Bind s!s-easeees 2 
LS7ON BLO Wass cie=--- New, Mexicanimegionitrnass-mes eee eee Horesisieesses 2 
STM COPeres-cieaeciel sie NONOLAN J-Seeeciece sels Pe eet e ee eee Ee eee ree eoeee Reptiles ana 2 
batrachians, 
LST AS | PR Orberatescm seer Cactus:repion®: 2a se sass cee eeicstec an eee Sere eee | Plantsi-ossee ee 1 
STS) Dyer eo2es2 sss /\- Mexico-Californian Horacsssa.--2sso4==- ease [SS donee eee 2 
1882 | Eme@letessee a sece AZLCC, PROVINCE: 2m a les see aaa cee cece See poet OMe area 3 
1884 | Sargent..-.....--- Mexicantforest'mesiony=--)e-s eases aeeeeere aac | Forests -----.- 1 
Reto! De eye Aseocaseac North Mexico and Texas district .........-....--- |SPlantsee eee 2 
ISS 7s MEeM prin Sonoraniiransitionmepione --serees eee eae ee Animals .-.--- (2) 
TSSOR eMermianies =e cece Sonoran) province: <5.---- sane ose eee ae essere eee Animals and 1 
plants. 
PENINSULA OF LOWER CALIFORNIA. 
That the fauna and flora of the peninsula of Lower California, or any 
part of it, differs radically from that of the State of California imme- 
diately on the north was pointed out almost simultaneously by Baird 
and Le Conte in 1859. Baird stated that the fauna of its southern 
extremity, as determined by collections of its mammals, birds, and 
reptiles, ‘‘is almost identical with that of the Gila River, and to a cer- 
tain extent with that of the Rio Grande,” but differs wholly from that 
of Upper California. In accordance with these facts he afterwards (in 
1866) made Lower California a sub-division of the central province. 
Later in the same year (1859) Le Conte stated that a few species of 
insects from Cape St. Lucas, “ though all new, indicate a greater resem- 
blance to the fauna of the Lower Colorado than to that of maritime 
California; this province may therefore be found eventually to belong 
to the interior district.” 
Cooper (in 1861) proposed the name Uchitan for the forest flora of 
Lower California, and regarded it as a sub-division of his Nevadian 
(=Californian) province. Grisebach also, in mapping the plant regions 
of the world in 1866, included the peninsula in his Californian region, 
but afterwards (in 1872) transferred it to the interior or prairie region. 
279 
Cope, in 1873, raised Lower California to primary rank, basing his 
action on a study of its reptiles and batrachians. Wallace, in 1876, 
placed it in the central province without sub-division. Packard, in 
1883, followed Baird and Grisebach in regarding the southern part of 
the peninsula as a sub-division of the central province, while the north- 
ern part was assigned to the Pacific province. Drude, in 1884, divided 
it transversely in two nearly equal plant areas, placing the northern 
