204 PROCEEDINGS OF SECTION C. 
ground moraine, formed when the Kosciusko Plateau may 
have been covered by a mer de glace, which later, as the 
snowfall diminished, broke up into a group of small glaciers. 
(3). Glacial Lakes.—Lakes Merewether, Harnet, Albina, 
and May are certainly of glacial origin, the ponding back of 
the water in them being due to the deposit of terminal 
moraine at their lower ends. 
(4). Numerous large erratics and perched blocks, up to 
about 12 feet in diameter. 
As regards the conclusions which may be provisionally 
deduced, Mr. R. Helms is of opinion that there is evidence 
of an older and far more extensive glaciation of the Kosciusko 
Plateau and surrounding region than the later one, of which 
latter such clear traces have been preserved. This may 
eventually be proved to have been the case; but, apart from 
this hypothesis, there is the positive evidence that the Kos 
ciusko Plateau in late Cainozoic time harboured glaciers, 
which descended the valleys on either side of the Main 
Dividing Range, to the Snowy River on the east and the 
Murray River on the west. The glacier-ice descended from 
levels of over 7000 feet (Kosciusko itself is 7328 feet) to at 
least as low as 5800 feet, probably 5500 feet, above the sea. 
The glacier-ice was certainly (in places) from 200 to 400 
feet thick, and the longest glacier, that of the Snowy, about 
three miles in length. There were two epochs of glaciation, 
or two marked pauses in the glaciation, which we term the 
“Hedley Tarn Epoch” and the ‘“‘ Lake Merewether Epoch.” 
As regards the age of these glaciations, estimated (1) by the 
amount of erosion subsequent to the glaciation, and (2) by 
the freshness of the grooved rock-surfaces in positions where 
they never could have been covered by morainic material, 
the date cannot have been removed by more than a few 
thousand years from the present. 
In creeks with a rapid fall, having only soft phyllites to 
erode, a depth of only from six to ten feet of the phyllites 
have been worn away since the last of the glaciers dis 
appeared, while the almost vertical grooved cliff-faces of the 
Lake Albina valley preserve glacial strie and grooves in 
almost their original freshness. 
It is thought that the latest glaciation of Kosciusko can 
not have been removed by more than about 10,000 years 
from the present day.* 
* Op. cit. David, Helms and Pittman, pp. 38-39, and 63-64. 
