252 PROCEEDINGS OF SECTION C. 
and the coal-measures. had been tilted up and altered by 
crystalline greenstone; but he cites two places where the 
former appeared to him to be of more recent date than the 
latter. The opinion of so competent and accurate an 
observer should not be lightly disregarded; but I have 
shown, in a paper on a section at Frederick Henry Bay, 
which was read before the Geological Society in 1900, (4) 
that in these exceptional cases the sections could only have 
been seen by Jukes from a distance, and that a close inspec- 
tion reveals unmistakable evidence of intrusion, uplifting, 
and contact-metamorphism. 
In 1848-9 the late Dr. Milligan reported, under instruc- 
tions from the Government, on the coal formations of Tas- 
mania. He had had frequent opportunities of imtercourse 
with Strzelecki and Jukes, and has recorded many instances 
of geological conditions which have a direct bearing on the 
question of intrusion. In hisreportonthe Fingal district (*): 
he speaks of the greenstone as having “ burst through the 
stratified rocks and overflowed them to a depth of several 
hundred feet.” In that on the Coal River district he notes 
instances of bituminous coal being converted into anthra- 
cite, and shale into chert of flinty hardness in proximity 
to the greenstone, and of the greenstone “ exhibiting on the 
tableland about Brushy Plains traces of the upper sandstone 
carried up with it at the time of its elevation.”’ (°) 
In 1859 a geological survey of Tasmania was commenced, 
under che late Charles Gould, but was discontinued six years 
later because its economic results did not come up to the 
expectations of the ruling powers. Gould’s work was chiefly 
confined to inland districts, where the actual contact cf the 
igneous and sedimentary rocks is almost always hidden from 
view, and the absence of distinct proof of their mutual re- 
lations made him disinclined to speak authoritatively, as it 
were, on a question which was then, as now, the subject of 
much controversy. There was the negative evidence of the 
absence of any trace of the greenstone in the Permo-Carbon- 
iferous conglomerates, and the ascertained fact of extensive 
faulting in the coal beds and conformable sediments, but 
the rest was a matter of theoretical deduction. Gould was 
the first to note the exact external conditions of the Mt. 
Nicholas Range, which, in his official report on the Fingal 
district, 1861 (p. 7), he describes as ‘“‘ composed of a narrow 
( ) Ouartesy Journal, Geological Society, London, Vol. lvi., 
(i pranenations Royal Society, Tasmania, 1848-50, p. 49. 
\°) Transactions Royal Society, Tasmania, 1848-50, p. 69 
