550 PROCEEDINGS OF SECTION G. 
be absolutely relied on, especially in fat or muscular 
persons, so that the thigh is reckoned from the anterior“ 
superior spine in all cases. 
Length of Leg is taken from the knee-joint to the tip 
of the internal malleolus (ankle). 
W eight.— 
The Weight has been taken in all cases in ordinary 
indoor costume, including boots or shoes, no overcoats, 
or extra clothing, being weighed in. After weighing 
many complete outfits, it was found that the average 
weight of clothes was, for children from 5 to 10 years, 
equal to 6 lbs.; 10 to 13, equal to 7 Ibs.; and from 14 to 
19 years, equal to 8 lbs. These amounts have not been 
subtracted from the nett weight, as it is usual to state 
children’s weight as including clothes. 
Hand Grasp.— 
This has been registered on the dynamometer accord- 
ing to the Echelle de Pression in kilogrammes. 
The measurements were taken with special instruments 
procured for the purpose. The observers, Dr. Brennand, 
Dr. Mabel Graham, and Dr. Mary Booth, were highly 
skilled, and every confidence may be placed in the observa- 
tions made by them, and herein recorded. 
The methods of measurement adopted have been those 
used in Europe and America, and the metric system of 
lengths has been used throughout. The weights, however, 
have been taken in pounds avoirdupois, and for the pur- 
poses of this paper, and for comparison with English and 
American observations, the metric lengths have been con- 
verted into inches. 
I now propose to give some of the results of the measure- 
ments actually made. 
HEIGHT. 
The height was taken sitting and standing. The sitting 
height is the distance from the crown of the head to the 
stool, on which the child sits, as straight as possible. A 
convenient height of the stool was found to be from 18 to 
20 inches. The standing height was taken from the crown 
to the floor, the child having no boots on. The observa- 
tions made on boys from 54 years to 164 years give the 
following average heights :— 
