HOKTUS GRAMINEUS WOBU RN F.N SIS. 221 



glumerafa), yellow oat-grass (aveiiajiavescefis), crested dog's- 

 tail (c>/nosurus cristatus), hard fescue (J'estuca duriuscula), 

 smooth-stalked meadow-grass (poa pratensis), and perennial 

 ray-grass (lolinm perenue), most prevalent, but not to the 

 exclusion of others. Where the siliceous sand is most abun- 

 dant, the meadow fescue ( festuca pratensis), Welch fescue 

 (festuca Cambrica), sweet-scented vernal-grass (anthoxan- 

 thum odoratum), woolly oat-grass {acena pubescens), purple 

 fescue-grass {festuca rubra), early hair-grass (aira precox), 

 crested hair-grass {aira cristata), common bent grass 

 ( agrostis vulgaris), upright bent grass (agrostis stricta), 

 bundled-leaved bent (agrostis fascicularis), common quak- 

 ing-grass (briza media), and flat-stalked meadow-grass 

 (poa compressa), are most prevalent. Where the calcareous 

 matter predominates, we find, in the greatest abundance, 

 sheep's fescue (festuca ovina), meadow-oat-grass (avena 

 pratensis), upright brome-grass {bromus erectus), pinnate 

 brome {bromus pinnatus), knee-jointed meadow cat's- tail 

 {phleum nodosum), and {phleum pratense), varietas minor. 

 Unless there be in the soil some proportion of argil, neither 

 the avena Jiavescens, dactj/lis glomerata, nor ci/nosurus cris- 

 tatus, will grow. Mixed with the preceding natural grasses, 

 over these downs, are to be found some species of scabiosa, 

 orchis, carex, trifolium, plantago, lotus, ornithopus, poterium, 

 a?ithi/llis, hedysarum, medicago, campanula, and hieracium. 

 Mr. Taunton expresses little doubt that in a sandy chalk 

 down, with a tolerable depth of soil, and with such a pro- 

 portion of argil as not to starve the cock's-foot, the union 

 of cock's-foot, meadow-fescue, narrow-leaved brome-grass, 

 yellow oat-grass, upright brome-grass, barley-like fescue, 

 common quaking-grass, downy oat-grass, and meadow oat- 

 grass, would afford a permanent crop of a ton of hay per 

 acre, per annum. 



Of the different grasses natural to dry siliceous sandy soils 

 that have been submitted to experiment, and mentioned in 

 the foregoing series, the sheep's fescue (festuca ovina), 

 flexuose hair-grass {aira Jiexuosa), long-awned sheep's fes- 

 cue (festuca ovina hordeiformis), common bent-grass {agros- 

 tis vulgaris), flat-stalked meadow-grass (poa compressa), and 



