WEEDS OF AGRICULTURE. 333 



Brassica napus, has the root a regular continuation of tlie 

 stem. Blossom yellow ; pod with warty excrescences. 

 Root biennial ; flowering in May. 



2. CORN POPPY {papaver rhccas). Indifferently called 



Red-poppy, Corn-rose, Cop-rose, Head-vvark, Red- 

 weed, Red-mailkes. Capsules oblong, smooth ; stem 

 many-flowered ; fruit-stalks with bristles laid to ; leaves 

 wing-cleft, snipt. Root annual ; flowering in May. 



3. BLUE BOTTLE (centaurea cyanus). Also named 



Knap-weed, Corn-flower, Hurt-sickle. Anthodium with 

 serrated scales ; leaves strap-shaped, very entire ; the 

 lower ones toothed. Root annual ; flowering in June 

 and July. 



4. MAYWEED, or Mather, or Stinking Camomile 



{anthemis cotula). Receptacles conical; chaft" bristle- 

 shaped; seeds naked. 



5. CORN MARIGOLD {chrysanthemum segehim). In 



Scotland, this is called Yellow Gowans, Quills, Gools ; 

 in Kent, Yellow Bottle ; in Norfolk, Buddie ; midland 

 counties, Golds, Goulds, Gowls ; north of England, 

 Gowlans, Goldens, Gules. Leaves embracing the stem, 

 jagged upwards, tooth-serrated towards the base. 

 Root annual; flowering from June to October. 



Linnseus says, this weed was imported into Sweden, alon^i- 

 with corn from Jutland, about the end of the last century, 

 and that there is a law in Denmark to oblige the farmers to 

 extirpate it. He recommends the land to be manured in 

 autumn, summer-fallowed, and harrowed frequently after 

 ploughing. 



The above class of weeds, with their gaudy colours, like 

 heralds of spring and summer, proclaim bad farming to the 

 landlord, the tenant, and to the passenger; and announce 

 the neglect of using clean seed-corn, judicious manuring, 

 fallowing, the row culture, and horse-hoe husbandry. 



