INSECTS AND DISEASES 



fruit. Of the biting insects the five which we 

 shall discuss are: (i) codling moth, (2) apple 

 maggot, (3) bud moth, (4) cigar case bearer, 

 (5) curcullo. The four sucking insects dis- 

 cussed are: (6) San Jose scale, (7) oyster shell 

 scale, (8) blister mite, and (9) aphis or plant 

 louse. 



I. The Codling Moth, the most insidious 

 of all apple pests, is mainly responsible for 

 wormy apples. The adult is a night flying moth 

 with a wing expanse of from one-half to three- 

 quarters of an inch. The moths appear about 

 the time the apple trees are in bloom. Each 

 female is supposed to lay about fifty eggs which 

 are deposited on both the leaves and fruit, but 

 mostly on the calyx end of the young apples. 

 The eggs hatch in about a week and the young 

 larvae or caterpillars begin at once to gnaw 

 their way into the core of the fruit. Three- 

 fourths of them enter the apple through its 

 blow end. 



After twenty to thirty days of eating in the 

 apple, during which time they become full 

 grown and about three-quarters of an Inch long, 

 they leave the apple, usually through its side. 

 The full grown caterpillar now secretes itself 

 in the crevices in the bark of the tree or in 

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