30 MEMOIRS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY OF COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 
§ 16. RUBRICAULES. 
Plants more or less cespitose, with ascending or decumbent (rarely erect), short, few- 
leaved or subseapose stems. Leaves pinnate with 2 (seldom 3) pairs of approximate leaf- 
lets, more or less tomentose beneath. Petals yellow, obcordate. Style long and slender, 
filiform. 
In general habit the group much resembles the smaller members of Multifidae, but 
differs by the long slender styles. It connects through the first species with Leucophyllae, 
through the third with Subjugae and though the last one with Multijugae and Niveae.  (P. 
concinna divisa may be sought here.) 
Leaves densely silky on both sides. 
Pubescence white ; stem erect or ascending. 
Leaves with 2 or 3 pairs of leaflets ; bractlets much shorter than the 
sepals. 81. P. filicaulis. 
Leaves with 3-5 pairs of leaflets ; bractlets little if any shorter than the 
sepals. 82. P. Macounii. 
Pubescence yellowish ; stem decumbent. 83. P. luteosericea. 
Leaves mostly greenish above. 
Sepals lanceolate or linear. 
Stem ascending or prostrate ; segments of the leaves narrowly oblong. 84. P. rubricaulis. 
Stem ascending, slender; segments of the leaves oval to orbicular. 85. P. minutifolia. 
Stem nearly erect, slender ; segments of the leaves linear. 86. P. tenerrima. 
Sepals broadly ovate-triangular. 
Plant densely cespitose. 87. P. saximontana. 
Plant with spreading branches. [24. P. concinna divisa. } 
§ 17. BREVIFOLIAE. 
Low alpine plants with a perennial short rootstock and few-leaved erect or ascending 
stems, seldom much over 1 dm. high. Leaflets pinnate with 1-2 pairs of leaflets, nearly 
glabrous. Petals obcordate, yellow, exceeding the sepals. Apex of the achene slightly 
incurved, with the long slender filiform style inserted below the tip. 
The group consists of two species, of which the first is somewhat related to the 
Multijugae, while the second is near P. flabellifolia of the Frigidae. 
Leaves pinnate with 2 pairs of leaflets. 88. P. brevifolia. 
Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate. 89. P. Grayi. 
§ 18. MULTIJUGAE. 
Perennials with a very short rootstock and a d : Stem erect, ascending or 
erennials with a very short rootstock and a deep root. Stem erect, ascending or 
prostrate, generally less than 8 dm. high. Leaves sparingly hirsute or strigose, not to- 
