174 MEMOIRS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY OF COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 
Man. Ed. 5, 156; Wats. & Coult. Ed. 6, 158; Bailey, in Gray, F. F. & G. Bot. Rev. Ed. 
152- (Britt: & Brown, My Fl 32207. 
Prov. Pl. Can. 1: 186 (in part); Macoun, Cat. Can. Pl. 1: 135 (in part). 
Potentilla vesca Scop. Fl. Carn. Ed. 2, 1: 363. 1772. 
Fragaria vulgaris Khrh. Beitr. T: 21. 1792. 
Intustrations: Britt. & Brown, Ul. Fl. 2: ff 79170; Lam. Ill. pl. 442; Sturm, Fl. 
Deutsch 2: pl. 2*: Schrank, Hi) Monos. ty plso9*. Dietr. Fl, Bor Spl s18*> ave 
Bot. pl. 16; Enel Bot. 22: pi 1524); Baxter, But: Bot. 4: pl. 272> Wl Dans is: 
pl. 1235; Agardh, Syst. pl. 14%; Decaisne, Jard. Fruit. pl. 1; Thome, Fl. Deustchl. 3: 
pl. 108; Hayne, 4: pl. 26™. 
Rootstock short and thick. Leaves rather thin, short, silky when young, but gla- 
brate on both sides in age ; petioles somewhat stouter than in the related species, often 
1-2 dm. long, silky with spreading hairs ; leaflets rhombic-obovate, mostly acute, 2-10 cm. 
long, coarsely serrate, often short-petiolate, especially the terminal one. Runners long 
and slender. Scape often as high as the leaves, often with a foliaceous bract similar to 
the leaflets, several-flowered, silky with spreading hairs, but the pedicels, however, ap- 
pressed-hairy. Flowers 1-1.5 em. in diameter ; sepals and bractlets from ovate to lanceo- 
late, acute, slightly silky. Fruit generally subhemispheric, 1-1.5 em. in diameter, red 
or seldom whitish ; achenes superficial. 
F. vesca is a native of the Old World, extensively cultivated and found occasionally 
escaped in the Eastern States. It is not a native of this continent, and the wild plant 
known under that name is #. Americana. From this #. vesca differsin the stouter habit, 
stouter and more hairy scape, the foliaceous bracts often present, thicker leaves with less 
sharp serrations, and the fruit which has a tendency to be hemispheric. 
Pennsylvania: A. A. Heller and Gertrude Halbach, No. 903, 1893; A. P. Garber, 
1870; John K. Small, 1889; Heller, 1889. 
New York: E. B. Miller, 1885; N. L. Britton, 1891. 
New Jersey: Geo. V. Nash, No. 1, 1893. 
Ohio: A. EK. Ricksecker, 1895. 
Minnesota: J. C. Kassube, 1878. 
Fragaria vesca alba (Ehrh.). 
Fragaria vulgaris var. alba Ehrh. Beitr. 7: 22. 1792. 
Fruit straw-color or light pink; hairs of petioles and scape shorter and leaflets 
more rhomboid. 
In the mountains of Pennsylvania, it behaves as a native and may be distinct from 
