178 MEMOIRS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY OF COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 
Coult. Man. Rocky Mts. 83; Porter & Coult. Fl. Col. 35; Holz. Cont. U. 5. Nat. 
Herb. 3 : 222 (in part). 
Fragaria Californica Howell, Fl. N. W. Am. 1: 174. In part. 1898. 
Rootstock very thick and woody, generally bearing several flowering stems. Leaves 
moderately thick, glabrous and glaucous above and appressed-silky beneath ; petioles 
2-20 em. long, silky-villous with long spreading or reflexed hairs, moderately stout or 
rather slender; leaflets broadly cuneate or obovate, 2-8 em. long, coarsely serrate or 
erenate above the middle, nearly always evidently petiolate, the lateral ones only a little 
oblique. Runners comparatively stout, long. Scape comparatively stout, but much less 
so than in F. Virginiana, generally about 1 dm., seldom 2 cm. high, sometimes only afew 
centimeters, rarely exceeding the leaves, rather many-flowered, often leafy-bracteate, silky- 
villous with long spreading or reflexed hairs. Flowers large, 1.5-2.5 cm. in diameter; 
sepals and bractlets lanceolate; petals almost orbicular, usually twice as long as the 
sepals. Fruit hemispheric, 1-1.5 em. in diameter; achenes set in rather shallow pits. 
It is nearest related to F. Virginiana and F. glauca ; it differs from both by the 
large petals, from the former by more or less glaucous and rather smaller leaves, and 
from the latter by the spreading hairs of the petioles and scape and by the much less 
oblique lateral leaflets. Its range extends from Alaska and British Columbia to northern 
California and Colorado. 
Alaska: J. O. Kaine, 1871. 
British Columbia: John Macoun, 1890. 
Washington: Sandberg & Leiberg, No. 86, 1893. 
Oregon: Coville & Leiberg, No. 292, 1896; J. B. Lieberg, No. 682, 1894. 
California: Mrs. R. M. Austin, 1894; W. C. Blasdale, 1895. 
Idaho: B. W. Evermann, Nos. 542 and 576, 1896; Sandberg, MacDougal & Heller, 
Nos. 223, 106, 1892; L. F. Henderson, No. 2685, 1894; Lake & Hull, No. 498, 1892 ; 
G. B. Aiton, 1892; A. D. E. Elmer, No. 341, 1894. 
Wyoming: FE. Stevenson, No. 123, 1894. 
Colorado: (?) John Wolf (Wheeler Exp.), No. 402, 1873. 
Montana: Mrs. Moore, 1894. 
12. Fragaria Virginiana Duch. 
Fragaria Virginiana Duchesne, Hist. Nat. Frais. 204. 1766. 
Mill. Gard. Dict. No. 2; Lam. Enc. Meth. 2: 539; Willd. Sp. Pl. 2: 1091; Ehrh. 
3eitr. 7: 24; Persoon, Syn. Pl. 2: 53; Aut. Hort. Kew. Ed. 2, 3: 272; Spreng. Syst. 2: 
533; Seringe in DC. Prod. 2: 570; Don, Gard. Dict. 2: 543; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 
