132 EJNAR MIKKELSEN. 
It was possible to follow the east coast of Koldewey Island until a 
little north of Cape Arendts, where open water close inland forced us 
once more to ascend the island and sledge on it to the south point, 
which we reached on June Эта. 
The ice between Koldewey and Shannon Island was still more 
broken than when we went north, and we came within a few miles of 
the Haystack in our endeavours to get inside the unsafe ice. 
On June 6th we reached our winter-house on Shannon Island, and 
we remained there until June 15th, when we went down to the depot 
on Cape Philip Broke to await the arrival of a vessel. 
The snow on land had almost entirely disappeared, and large water- 
ponds were scattered all over the low marshy plain of the southern end 
of the island. We reached the depot on June 16th, and we intended 
to go over to Bass Rock at once. But the snow on the ice was too soft 
to make it possible, and we decided to wait, until it was warm enough 
to cross the open water between Shannon Island and Bass Rock in a 
kajak found in the house. 
Our kaiak was repaired and tried in the water on July 5th towards 
evening, and we intended to cross over to the rock the following day, 
but a fresh wind sprang up during the night and broke the coast-ice 
close to the south point of Cape Philip Broke, and so our kaiak, which 
was left on the ice, drifted away with it. We were now compelled to 
remain on Shannon Island, until we got another boat. 
The ocean, as seen on the day of our arrival from the highest point 
in the vicinity of Cape Philip Broke, seemed very open. From this 
height (120 metres) there was no packice in sight except in SE and off 
Cape Pansch. 
But a remarkable change took place in the packice during the 
first two weeks of July. Until then there had been very much open 
water to the south of Cape Philip Broke, which stretch of water increased 
in size with an easterly and southerly wind, but decreased with a nor- 
therly wind. 
But this was entirely changed, when a NE gale on July 14th had 
set the ice on land and filled the open water to the south with a compact 
mass of packice, which remained nearly stationary, whatever the 
directions of the wind. Its only motion was that which was caused by 
the shifting tides, and no change of any extent happened before the 
latter part of August. 
No “open-water sky” was seen anywhere over the packice. 
The shore-ice in Freeden Bay broke up and began to drift out on 
August 9th, but it could not float away owing to the large amount of 
packice which hemmed it in. It broke up in several small pieces, and 
the pressure on the coast was great. 
The packice began to open up on August 20th, and on August 
22nd it was so open that we felt confident that a sailing-vessel might 
