194 EJNAR MIKKELSEN. 
the bay between Shannon Island and Bass Rock once more became 
free of ice, owing to the influence of a rather fresh westerly gale, but 
the pack-ice remained as closely packed as before. 
This little improvement in the state of the ice lasted only a short 
time, owing to some strong northerly breezes, and on the last day of 
August there was hardly so much water around the prominent capes 
that they could be passed by a whaling-boat. 
The ice remained stationary like this until the middle of September, 
when a decided improvement took place. The pack-ice was now rather 
open, and the landwater was free of drifting ice, but there were no open- 
ings to be seen in the ice to the east and north of Shannon Island. 
On Sept. 18th, and 19th a violent gale from the north opened the 
landwater still more, but on the other hand it compressed the pack-ice 
considerably. 
We left Cape Philip Broke on the following day, and on Sept. 24th 
when we stood on top of Meyersteins Mountain on the NE point of 
Shannon Island, no water whatsoever could be seen in any direction, 
save in the strait between Shannon Island and the mainland. 
The ice remained apparently immovable until Oct. 15th, when we 
left the winter-quarters for Bass Rock. 
The ice in Frozen Bay had remained stationary during the summer. 
When on November 12th we returned to Cape Philip Broke, there 
was more water between the pack-ice than at any time during the sum- 
mer, and the stretch of open water between Shannon Island and Bass 
Rock had such a great extent that no ice was visible to the S of SSE. 
The land-ice between Cape Philip Broke and Cape David Gray had 
a large indenture toward the north approaching within 3 miles the bot- 
tom of Freeden Bay, and, following the edge of the land-ice it was not 
till beyond the middle of the bay that the edge fell off to the southwest. 
This place was so far to the west that Bass Rock could be seen clear 
of Pendulum Island when sledging to Bass Rock and being half way 
between it and Shannon Island. 
The open landwater off Bass Rock had on Nov. 23rd a breadth of 
about half a mile and extended in both directions along the coast as 
far as the horizon. 
The land-ice adhering to Bass Rock and kept in place by frozen-in 
icebergs was not more than 400 metres broad. 
On December 4th, after a southerly gale, which however did not 
last very long, there was no ice to be seen abreast of Bass Rock from an 
elevation of about 75 metres, and allowing for the darkness the land- 
water must at least have had a breadth of 4 å 5 miles. There was like- 
wise no ice to be seen to the north or NE, and to the south the land- 
water went close around Cape Desbrowe. 
The state of the ice during the month of December — which was 
unusually calm — was as described above. 
