36 NATIVE BRITISH ORCHIDACE^ 



the results have not fulfilled expectations. Epipactis has been changed to Helleborine 

 by Druce, to Serapias in Gray's New Manual of Botany, ed. 7 (1908), and to Amesia 

 by Nelson and Macbride — three names in the field at once, each claiming to be the 

 "only valid" one. The name Epipactis has been transferred to Goodjera in America, 

 though there can hardly be a more fruitful source of confusion than the transfer of 

 a name of over 160 years' standing to a different genus of plants. Cephalanthera 

 grandiflora was originally named Serapias Helleborine j3 longijolia by Linnaeus in 1753. 

 In 1767 he transferred the name longijolia to Epipactis palustr is, and renamed our plant 

 Serapias grandiflora, which, however, also included C. ensijolia. In 1769 Crantz named 

 it Epipactis alba. Later Junz called it Serapias pallens (1791)- It first appeared under 

 its present genus as Cephalanthera pallens Richard in 181 8. In 1843 Babington reverted 

 to the Linnean specific name of 1767, naming it C, grandiflora. In 1906 Druce renamed 

 it C Damasonium from Serapias Damasonium of Miller's Gardeners' Dictionary, and in 

 1907 Janchen named it C. latifolia from the same horticultural work. Before the 

 1905 Congress there were practically only two names in \xit, pallens and grandiflora. 

 Now there are in addition to these longijolia, alba, Damasonium and latijolia, each being 

 considered by its sponsor the only valid name. 



In the case of hybrids in this work the names of the parents are placed in alphabetical 

 order, and not in the order of dominance. Rouy' protests against the giving of 

 what he calls pseudo-generic names like Orchigymnadenia, but these do not pretend 

 to be the names of genera. They are simply a combination of the generic names of 

 both parents, and accurately represent the actual state of the case. His contention 

 that a bi-generic hybrid should be attached to the genus of which it shows the most 

 saHent character would result in hybrids between the same parents being allotted to 

 different genera. Thus the specimen of Gjmnadenia conopsea by Orchis maculata from 

 Sevenoaks mentioned on p. 144 would have been placed under Gjmnadenia on account 

 of the linear viscidia forming the roof of the spur-entrance and having no pouch, 

 while that from Teesdale (PI. 26 A), with viscidia enclosed in a pouch, would have 

 been put under Orchis. 



' Flore de France, xiii, 97. 



